莎剧中的Paradox与Oxymoron比较研究  

A Comparative Study on Paradox and Oxymoron in Shakespeare's Plays

作　　者：谢世坚[1] 路艳玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学外国语学院,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第2期107-116,共10页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"隐喻认知视角下莎剧的修辞研究"(12BYY130)

摘　　要：Paradox和oxymoron是两种既有联系又有区别的修辞格,在莎士比亚戏剧中起到至关重要的作用。两种辞格均由两个对立成分组合而成,表面自相矛盾,实则蕴含哲理;区别在于paradox是句子层面的修辞,oxymoron是短语层面的修辞。以《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《麦克白》《罗密欧与朱丽叶》为基本语料来源,全面、系统地比较二者异同,可以发现这两种修辞在构成方式上差异较大,从语法结构层面划分,paradox可分为单词相对、短语相对和句子相对三种形式,oxymoron可分为名词+名词、名词+of+名词、动词+动词、形容词+形容词、形容词+名词、动词+副词六种类型;然而,两种修辞在语义关系和修辞功能上基本类似,即因果、方式、主从和交融关系,均具有强化语言、刻画人物和深化主题的修辞功能。Paradox and oxymoron,two rhetorical devices with similarities and differences,are of vital importance in Shakespeare＇s plays.Both are conjoined by two opposing components which on the face seem self-contradictory,but actually involve a point.The distinctions between the two devices lie in that paradox is a sentential figure,and oxymoron is a phrasal figure.Using Hamlet,Othello,Macbeth,Romeo and Juliet as corpus,this paper compares similarities and differences between them in a comprehensive and systematic way.It is found that paradox and oxymoron differ in formations.Based on syntactic structure,the opposing components of paradox can be divided into words,phrases and sentences,and oxymoron can be split into＂noun＋ noun＂,＂noun＋of＋ noun＂,＂verb＋ verb＂,＂adjective＋adjective＂,＂adjective＋noun,＂and＂verb ＋ adverb＂.Nevertheless,paradox and oxymoron are similar in semantic relations and rhetorical functions.They are of common semantic relations,that is,that of cause and effect,that of manner,that of blending,and that of principal and subordinate,and they are means to intensify dramatic language,characterization and themes.

关 键 词：PARADOX OXYMORON 莎剧 

分 类 号：I106.3[文学—世界文学] H05[语言文字—语言学]