多方服务外包策略的选择分析  

Strategy Selection in Multi-vendor Service Outsourcing

作　　者：欧阳智[1] 苏秦[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院机械制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《系统管理学报》2016年第3期532-538,共7页Journal of Systems & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(71390330);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71371151);教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(13YJA630078)

摘　　要：为了体现规模经济,众多学者与企业都建议发包方将其服务业务外包给单一接包方,但一些企业,如英国石油公司却将IT服务分割外包给3个不同的接包方,以充分发挥各个接包方的核心竞争力。针对企业在什么情况下采用多方外包策略的研究问题,基于委托-代理理论,分析了企业服务外包时多方外包的策略选择。分析结果指出,针对能够分割成多部分来进行外包的服务业务,发包方必须保证接包方的服务竞争优势足够大,甚至超过外包所带来的固定成本和协调成本的负面影响时,多方外包策略才是最优的。同时,还发现,服务的绝对和相对需求对于发包方的收益和激励因子的决定都存在一定的影响。Most of scholars and practitioners suggest that for the outsourcing decision,the client should outsource his services to a single provider for the sake of scale economy.However,some companies such as British Petroleum Exploration（BPX）,divided and outsourced its IT department to three different suppliers so as to exploit their distinctive core competences.Based on Principal-Agent theory,we investigate the rationale in the selection of services outsourcing strategy.We emphasize that for the services which can be desirably divided into several parts to outsource,when the benefits derived from competitive advantage of the providers outweigh the negative influences of corresponding fixed and coordinated costs,the multi-vendor strategy where the client outsources his services according to core competence principal like BPX,is optimal.Meanwhile,we also show that both the absolute and relative service demands have effects on the clients profit and incentive factor stipulated for the providers.

关 键 词：服务外包 多方外包策略 核心竞争力 规模经济 委托-代理理论 

分 类 号：F272.3[经济管理—企业管理] F224.32[经济管理—国民经济]