刑事证据能力反思  

Rethinking Criminal Evidence Capability

作　　者：孙锐[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第3期66-74,共9页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"刑事诉讼证明模式研究"(11BFX111);最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题"量刑证明研究"(GJ2012C13);国家"2011计划"司法文明协同创新中心研究成果

摘　　要：以审判中心主义的诉讼制度改革,对证据能力规则提出了新的要求和挑战。证据能力理论需以证据的两步认证模式为支撑:证据能力的审查程序和证明力的调查程序。证据能力和证明力的判断中,均涉及关联性问题,对于证据能力的关联性规则需通过逻辑上的关联性和法律上的关联性来加以完善。证据能力规则的构建可从三要件说入手,分别是以法定证据形式和关联性规则为基础的积极要件、以证据能力排除规则为核心的消极要件和以证据准入资格和严格证明为制约的程序要件。同时,在证据能力规则的适用中应强调其程序的独立性,将无证据能力之案件材料对事实认定者的心证影响降至最低,以确保证据裁判原则和庭审实质化的落实。Evidence capability rule has made new requirements and faced new challenge due to the lawsuit system reform based on centralism judgment. Evidence capability theory shall be subjected to the two-step authentication mode for proof： examination procedure of evidence capability and investigation procedure of probative force. The relevance issues are involved in consideration of evidence capability and probative force without exception, for the rele- vance rules to evidence capability should be completed through logical relevance and legal relevance. Establishment of evidence capability rule should been started from three parts, i.e. the positive elements based on legal evidence form and relevance rules, the negative elements which take evidence capability exclusionary rule as the core, and the procedure elements which should be subjected to evidence permitting qualification and strict proof. Meanwhile, for evidence capability rules in application the independent of procedure should be pointed out emphatically, so that the effect of the material absenting evidence capability on the mental impression of a fact-finder shall be minimized in or- der to secure the implementation of the following evidence judging principle and substantive trial.

关 键 词：证据能力 证明力 关联性 排除规则 严格证明 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]