两种新型材料地铁轨枕的降噪性能研究  

Study on the Noise Reduction Characteristics of Two New-material Sleepers Used in Metro Lines

作　　者：许孝堂[1] 王衡禹[1] 刘玉霞[1] 王军 温泽峰[1] 吴磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点试验室,成都610031 [2]北京雷斯科技发展有限公司,北京100020 [3]西南交通大学峨眉校区机械工程系,四川峨眉614202

出　　处：《噪声与振动控制》2016年第3期201-204,213,共5页Noise and Vibration Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1361117;51275430);中国铁路总公司重点课题资助项目(2015G008-B);四川省应用基础研究资助项目(2013JY0039);牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题资助项目(TPL1401)

摘　　要：利用基于有限元-边界元方法结合的轨道系统振动-声辐射模型研究采用树脂材料和不饱和聚酯材料制造两种新型材料地铁轨枕振动-声辐射特性。首先通过力锤敲击方法分别得到两种新型材料轨枕和传统混凝土轨枕结构阻尼系数。然后,用三维实体有限元模型模拟包含钢轨、轨下垫层、轨枕和道床的轨道结构,以单位力作为激励源,采用有限元法计算轨道结构系统响应。最后,以轨道结构位移响应作为输入,利用声学边界元法计算得到轨道结构声辐射。仿真结果表明,两种新型材料轨枕比传统混凝土轨枕都具有一定减振降噪效果。两种新型材料轨枕相比之下不饱和聚酯材料轨枕降噪效果要比树脂材料轨枕更显著。The vibro- acoustic characteristics of two kinds of sleepers made up of two new materials, the resin and theunsaturated polyester, respectively, used in Metro lines are studied. The hybrid FEM-BEM vibro-acoustic model is established.Firstly, the vibration characteristics of the two kinds of sleepers and a traditional concrete sleeper are tested by hammeringmethod, and their damping coefficients are obtained. Then, taking a unit force as the excitation input, the 3D entity FEM of therailway track structure is used to simulate the dynamic behavior of the track structure, which consists of the rails, rail- pads,sleepers and ballast. The track vibration responses are calculated. Finally, the displacement responses are used as the boundarycondition to calculate the noise radiation with the acoustic boundary element model. The simulation results show that both newmaterialsleepers have the damping and noise- reduction effect in comparison with the traditional concrete sleeper, and theunsaturated polyester sleeper has more obvious shock noise reduction effect than the resin sleeper.

关 键 词：声学 新型材料轨枕 振动特性 有限元方法 边界元方法 声辐射 

分 类 号：TB535.1[理学—物理] O42[理学—声学]