体育与“乡-城移民”的社会融入:国外经验及启示  

Sports and Social Inclusion of Chinese “Rural-Urban Migrants”:Enlightenment of Foreign Practices

作　　者：唐胜英[1] 赵全[1] 

机构地区：[1]东莞理工学院体育系,东莞523000

出　　处：《体育与科学》2016年第3期69-81,共13页Sports & Science

摘　　要：随着"人口城镇化"战略目标的提出,"乡-城移民"的社会融入在实现我国新型城镇化战略目标中的重大意义,引起高度重视和广泛讨论。本文认为,"乡-城移民"社会融入问题的本质是一种"乡-城"文化的碰撞与冲突,只有通过增加"乡-城移民"和居民群体的沟通与交流,增进相互的包容与理解才能从城市社会向"乡-城移民""赋能"和"乡-城移民"实现"自我增能"的两个角度促进"乡-城移民"的社会融入。体育因其独特的包容性、互动性、学习性和组织性等特征,是一种理想的增加群际接触、进而促进社会融入的工具和手段,具有其他文化形式不可替代的优势和现实可行性,这一观点已在国外得到普遍认可,并广泛应用于移民等弱势群体。本文认为,国际移民和我国"乡-城移民"的社会融入虽因国情体制差异而有所不同,但以体育促进社会融入在运行机制和作用原理等方面具有一定的共通性。国外的经验和做法可以通过审慎的甄别为我所用,形成适合我国国情的独特路径,使体育在"乡-城移民"的社会融入进程中发挥其应有的作用。The social inclusion of Chinese＂rural-urban migrants＂is of significant importance to the advancement of China＇s new urbanization.This article believes that the essence of the social inclusion of Chinese rural-urban migrants is the conflict and collision between urban and rural cultures,and the only way out is to increase the communication and contact of urban citizens and rural-urban migrants.The promotion of mutual tolerance and understanding can propel the＂empowerment＂of rural-urban migrants in urban society on the one hand,and help them to make＂self-improvement＂to？urban？life.With distinctive characteristics of inclusiveness,reciprocal interaction,social learning,and organization,sports can play an important role in promoting social inclusion,which has been widely accepted and applied to vulnerable groups（such as immigrant populations）in developed countries.Even though immigrants are different from Chinese＂rural-urban migrants＂,they share some similarities in the principle and mechanism of using sport for social inclusion.Therefore,this article introduces how developed countries such as Britain and Germany use sport to promote the social inclusion of vulnerable immigrants,expecting to provide enlightenment for sports and social inclusion of＂rural-urban migrants＂in China.

关 键 词：“乡-城移民” 社会融入 问题导向 体育社会组织建设 资源跨界整合 体育活动的组织管理 

分 类 号：G80-051[文化科学—运动人体科学]