基于斯特林循环的汽油机尾气余热回收系统设计与试验研究  

Gasoline Waste Heat Recovery System Design and Experimental Research Based on Stirling Cycle

作　　者：李广华[1,2] 黄宇[1] 高文志[1] 张栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学内燃机燃烧学国家重点实验室,天津300072 [2]大连海洋大学机械与动力工程学院,大连116023

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2016年第3期55-59,共5页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：国家"九七三"重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB707206)

摘　　要：建立了基于斯特林循环的汽油机尾气余热回收的试验及数据采集系统以提高汽油机能量利用率。针对2.0DCVVT汽油机某一常用转速下,低、中、高负荷下进行试验,确定了斯特林机转速与输出电压及转速与负载电阻之间的线性关系,便于循环系统工作过程中负载电阻的选取及斯特林机转速的控制。试验结果表明:斯特林机输出功率随着斯特林机转速呈先增大后减小的趋势,斯特林机在工作过程中存在最佳工作转速,且最佳工作转速随着工质压力的升高逐渐增大;在汽油机3 000r/min、90%负荷下,工质压力为1.4MPa时斯特林机输出功率最大达到254W;对应斯特林机转速为810r/min,汽油机尾气排气温度由720℃降为415℃,系统回收功率相当于汽油机功率的0.62%,而在30%负荷时回收功率可以达到汽油机功率的1.03%。Based on the Stirling cycle and its data acquisition, a gasoline engine waste heat recovery test system was established and the experiments were tested at a common engine speed and under stated load conditions. Through the test analysis, the linear relationship between the output voltage, the load resistance and the Stirling engine speed were found for the load resistance choice and the Stirling engine speed control. Furthermore, the power output of the Stirling engine increased first and then decreased with the increase of Stirling engine speed, indicating that there was an optimal rotating speed for the maximum output of Stirling engine which increased gradually with the increased working pressure. In addition, the tests show that a maximum electric power of 254 W can be recovered at 90% of gasoline engine load, with a exhaust temperature dropped from 720 ℃ to 415 ℃. The power recovery is equivalent to 0. 62% of the gasoline engine power, and up to 1.03% when the gasoline engine operated at the 30% load. The results indicate that the increase of working pressure or gasoline engine load can lead to increased recovery power and decreased ratio of the power recovery and to the gasoline engine power without any variation in Stirling engine speed. The test results indicate that the recovery system can improve engine power output, fuel economy and greatly reduce exhaust temperature, resulting in an excellent effect on energy efficiency to some extent.

关 键 词：内燃机 汽油机 斯特林循环 余热回收 输出功率 

分 类 号：TK417[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]