古汉语的字音和谐声  

Character Sounds and Xiesheng 谐声 Series in archaic Chinese

作　　者：吴安其[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,100081

出　　处：《民族语文》2016年第1期15-39,共25页Minority Languages of China

摘　　要：古汉语词由词根和形态成分构成，早期的字音有＊C-1-和＊Cl-的不同。上古中期（BC770-256）＊C-l-演变为＊Cl-，如＊g-l-和＊s-l-可成为＊gl-和＊sl-，或简化为＊g-（＊g^w-）、＊s-、＊l-等。上古晚期如＊sl-可演变为＊hlj-（书母）、＊th-（透母），1-演变为＊lj-（余母）、＊z-（邪母）等。受西部方言影响，＊-t读作-d，与＊-1（＊-r）尾字可互谐。In archaic Chinese, character sounds could be consisted of the root and morphological element, the word decided the character sound. In earlier archaic Chinese, there exited two types character sounds, ＊C-l- and ＊Cl-, and one character could be represented several sounds, including derivative words. In middle archaic Chinese（BC770-256）, the initials ＊gl-（＊gwl-）, ＊sl- could be simplified to ＊g-（＊gw-）. ＊1-, ＊s-, and in later times of archaic Chinese, ＊sl- could evolve to ＊hlj-（书母）, ＊th-（透母）, ＊1- to ＊lj-（余母）, ＊z-（邪母）. Under the infferenc of the west dialect, the ending ＊-t could be read as ＊-d or -δ, and made up their Xieshengs（谐声）with ＊-r or -1 in times of Qin and Han dynasties.

关 键 词：古汉语 形态 字音 谐声 

分 类 号：H11[语言文字—汉语]