山东一次PM2.5污染过程的模拟特征  

A Modeling Study on Characteristics of a PM2.5 Pollution Process in Shandong Province

作　　者：李恬[1] 王宏[2,1] 赵天良[1] 王亚强[2] 谭成好[1] 张磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学中国气象局气溶胶与云降水重点开放实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044 [2]中国气象科学研究院灾害性天气国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2016年第3期313-322,共10页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目2014CB441201;国家自然科学基金41275007;国家科技支撑计划项目S2014BAC22B04~~

摘　　要：利用Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry(WRF/Chem)空气质量模式模拟研究了山东地区2014年2月21~26日期间的中度细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染过程,并从模拟结果评估、分布及演变特征、与气象条件的关系等方面分析了PM2.5的模拟特征。模拟研究结果表明,山东PM2.5积聚期间多为弱的偏南风控制,消散阶段受西北风控制,当北京—天津—河北(京津冀)一带同时存在更为严重的PM2.5污染时,西北冷空气的平流输送使得山东部分地区的PM2.5浓度在完全削弱前又出现了一个高峰值。污染期间山东全省平均PM2.5的模拟浓度为125μg m^(-3),伴随着地面3.0 m/s的低风速、370 m低边界层高度和70%左右的相对湿度,其中PM2.5的模拟值受边界层高度的影响最大。整个污染期间全省平均PM2.5模拟值高于监测值10%左右,但是对于局部站点300μg m^(-3)及以上的观测峰值,模式模拟结果明显偏低。模拟效果的评估结果是:山东南部最好、然后是山东半岛,山东中部、西北部地区较差。In this study, the Weather Research and Forecasting/Chemistry（WRF/Chem） model is applied to simulate a PM2.5 pollution process occurred in Shandong Province during 21-26 February 2014. With a focus on analysis and evaluation of simulation results and temporal and spatial variations of PM2.5 concentration, the authors explore the characteristics of PM2.5 in Shandong Province. The relationship between the pollution process and meteorological conditions is also investigated. The results indicate that weak southerly winds were prevailing during the period of PM2.5 accumulation, while the northwesterly winds were dominant during the process of PM2.5 dissipation. In addition, when severe pollution occurred over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the northwesterly transported pollutants to Shandong, leading to a second high peak of PM2.5 concentration over some areas in Shandong before the PM2.5 dissipation. During the 6-day period of pollution, the average value of simulated PM2.5 concentration is 125 μg m^-3, the mean surface wind speed is 3.0 m/s, the boundary layer height is 370 m and the mean relative humidity is 70%, respectively. The results also indicate that the simulated PM2.5 concentration is strongly dependent on the boundary layer height. The regionally averaged PM2.5 concentration in Shandong Province is overestimated by about 10% in the model simulation, whereas the high values of observed PM2.5（e.g. greater than 300 μg m^-3） at several stations are obviously underestimated in the model result. The model performs best in southern Shandong, followed the Shandong Peninsula. The model performance is less satisfactory in the middle and southwestern regions of Shandong.

关 键 词：山东 霾 细颗粒物(PM2.5) WRF/Chem模式 气象条件 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]