高环多环芳烃降解菌的筛选及其降解特性  

Isolation of heavy PAH-degrading bacteria and their characteristics of degradation

作　　者：高野萌 杨雪莲[1] 李凤梅[2] 王卅[3] 滕菲[1] 王武[1] 沈元昱 

机构地区：[1]沈阳大学,沈阳110044 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2016年第6期1539-1546,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2013ZX07202-007);国家高技术研究发展计划(2013AA06A210)资助

摘　　要：通过富集培养及平板升华法从本溪钢铁公司周边多环芳烃(PAHs)污染土壤中分离出7株PAHs降解菌。以芘和苯并[a]芘为底物进行摇瓶降解实验,结果表明:G1、G2和G3菌株对高环PAHs芘和苯并[a]芘均具有较强的降解能力。进一步研究此3株菌及混合菌对原状污染土壤中PAHs的降解能力,发现80 d时对总PAHs的降解顺序依次为:混合菌>G2>G1>G3,其中混合菌对PAHs降解率较单菌分别提高了9.17%、11.49%和16.11%;4个处理对4~6环PAHs的降解率较对照组相比提高的倍数随着环数增加而增大;总PAHs的降解率与脱氢酶的活性呈正相关。电场影响G1、G2和G3菌株对PAHs降解,在1.0 V·cm^(-1)电场条件下,4环、5环及6环PAHs降解率较单纯微生物修复提高12.13%、13.35%和14.52%,说明3株菌具有较强的电场适应能力,可在高环PAHs污染土壤的电动-微生物修复中应用。形态学观察及16S rRNA序列比对分析表明,G1、G2、G3菌株分别为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas sp.)、苍白杆菌属(Ochrobactrum sp.)和无色杆菌属(Achromobacter sp.)。Seven PAH-degrading strains were isolated from PAHs-contaminated soil around an iron and steel company in Benxi using the enrichment procedure and tablet sublimation method.Their degradation ability of PAHs was studied in flasks with pyrene or benzo[a]pyrene as the single carbon source. The results showed that G1,G2 and G3 strains had stronger degradation ability for heavy PAHs. Further studies on the degradation ability of G1,G2,G3 and their mixture in PAHs-contaminated soil indicated that at 80 days,the total PAH-degradation rates in the four treatments were in order of the mixture〉 G2 〉G1 〉G3. Compared to the treatments that inoculated with G1,G2 and G3 alone,the degradation rate in the treatment inoculated with the mixture was enhanced by 9.17%,11.49%,and 16.11%,respectively. Compared with the control treatment,the degradation rates of 4-6-ring PAHs increased in the four treatments and the times of their increase were enhanced with the number of rings. Meanwhile,there was a positive correlation between the dehydrogenase activity and PAHs degradation. The degradation rates of 4-,5-,and 6-ring PAHs were enhanced by 12.13%,13.35%,and 14.52% in Bio-EK experiment than in the Bio experiment,which indicated that G1,G2 and G3 have good ability of adapting to electric field. G1,G2 and G3 strains were identified as Sphingomonas sp.,Ochrobactrum sp. and Achromobacter sp. respectively based on their physiological characteristics and the sequence analysis of 16 S rRNA.

关 键 词：高环PAHs 微生物筛选 降解特性 土壤修复 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]