京津两市中学生青春期发育与性行为比较  

A Comparative Study on Pubertal Development and Sexual Behaviors among Middle School Students in Beijing and Tianjin

作　　者：余小鸣[1] 潘勇平 王嘉[1] 籍红[1] 杨溢[3] 杨书祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,100083 [2]北京东城区卫生防疫站 [3]天津市疾病控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2002年第4期292-293,共2页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的　了解中学阶段青少年的性发育和性行为发生状况 ,为开展适宜的生殖健康教育及服务提供建议。方法　采用不记名的自我报告式问卷 ,于 1 998～ 1 999年对北京和天津市 4所中学的初、高中一、二年级 1 50 6名学生进行调查。结果　两地中学生绝大部分均已进入青春发育期 ,其月经初潮和首次遗精的平均年龄与全国资料相比 ,基本接近。手淫在两市中学生中均普遍存在 ,总发生率为 33 .6 % ,两地比较 ,天津高于北京 ,性别差异主要见于男性。性行为发生率为 2 .2 % ,北京高于天津。中学生性行为发生为酒后冲动以及对性经历的好奇和对两性关系纯理想化的观念所致。同时发现中学生性经历存在感染性传播疾病和非意愿怀孕的高危险倾向。结论　应重视青春期性与生殖健康教育 ,帮助青少年建立对性问题的正确态度。Objective To understand the pubertal development status and sex behaviors of middle school students and to provide suggestions for implementation of reproductive health education and services.Methods Using an anonymous self-reported questionnaire, 1506 junior high school and senior high school students who studying at the first to the second grades were survey in 4 middle schools in Beijing and Tianjin from 1998 to 1999.Results The best part of students surveyed in Beijing and Tianjin had reached puberty, the average age of first menstruation and first emission was similar to the results from the 1995 national survey. Masturbation was common among students surveyed, with a total rate of 33.6%; the rates were higher among students in Tianjin and boys than among students in Beijing and girls respectively. The rate of sexual intercourse was 2.2%; the rates were higher for students in Beijing than students in Tianjin. The risk factors for adolescent sexual behaviors were impulse due to drinking, being curious about sexual intercourse and the chase for sublimate sexual relations. Meanwhile, they were at higher risk to have an unwanted pregnancy and STD infection.Conclusions More attention should be paid to pubertal sex education and reproductive health education to help adolescents have a clear conception of sexuality.

关 键 词：北京 天津 健康教育 中学生 青春期 性行为 

分 类 号：R167[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G479[文化科学—教育学]