高焦虑敏感个体情绪面孔注意偏向特征  

The characteristics of attentional bias in high anxiety sensitivity individuals

作　　者：蒋怀滨[1] 张斌[2] 林珂[1] 李淑清[1] 詹薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学福清分校应用心理学研究所,福州350300 [2]湖南中医药大学人文社科学院应用心理学系,长沙410208

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2016年第5期390-394,共5页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科一般项目（14YJC190010）;福建省杰出青年科研人才培育计划

摘　　要：目的 探讨焦虑敏感个体注意偏向特点及机制.方法 使用大学生焦虑敏感量表筛选出高分组23人,低分组20人.采用2（被试间变量：高、低焦虑敏感组）×2（被试内变量：正性、负性图片）混合实验设计,实验一和实验二情绪面孔持续时间分别为100 ms、1 250 ms.两个实验均采用点探测任务范式,并计量反应时和正确率.结果 实验一,混合实验设计发现存在图片类型主效应[F（1.41）=4.40,P＜0.05].并且高、低焦虑敏感组在正性图片水平上表现出投入效应[（12.22±30.24） ms vs（10.07±21.55） ms];在负性图片水平上,高焦虑敏感组表现出投入效应[（4.81±17.88）ms],而低焦虑敏感组在负性图片水平上倾向于回避负性图片[（-6.84±21.33）ms].实验二,在正性图片水平上,两组被试注意偏向分差异无统计学意义[F（1,41）=0.29,P＞0.05],都表现出注意投入的趋势;在负性图片水平上,两组消极偏向分差异有统计学意义[F（1,41）=6.41,P＜0.05],即高焦虑敏感组回避负性图片,低焦虑敏感组对负性图片表现出投入效应.结论 焦虑敏感个体在注意早期对负性图片的警觉以及后期对其的回避可能是导致焦虑敏感个体心理异常产生的原因.Objective To investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of attentional bias in anxiety sensitivity individuals.Methods By using Anxiety Sensitivity Index （ASI）,23 participants were included in the high score group and 20 participants were included in the low score group.Then,2 （between-subject factor：the high and low score group）×2 （within-subject factor：the positive and negative picture） mixed design experiments were adopted.Emotional faces picture pairs were chosen as stimuli.Picture pairs were presented 100 ms in experiment 1 and 1 250 ms in experiment 2.Dot-probe task was adopted to inspect the attentional bias and the response time and correct rate were recorded.Results Experiment 1 implied the main effect of type of pictures was found in mixed design experiments（F（1,41）=4.40,P〈0.05）.The reaction time of two groups in positive pictures was greater than zero（（12.22±30.24） ms vs （10.07±21.55） ms）.It showed input effect to positive pictures.An input effect due to the reaction time of the high score group was greater than zero to negative pictures（（4.81± 17.88）ms）,while the low score group tended to avoid the negative pictures （（-6.81 ±21.33） ms）.Experiment 2 implied positive score was not significant between two groups （F（1,41） =0.29,P〉0.05）.And positive score showed the attentional bias to some certain extent.Significant outcome was found by negative score between two groups （F（1,41） =6.41,P〈0.05）.It implied that the high score group tended to avoid the negative pictures and the low score group had the tendency of input effect.Conclusion At the initial stage of attention,anxiety sensitivity individuals had the attentional bias to negative emotional faces and avoidance in the late stage of attention.It suggests that the attentional bias of anxiety sensitivity individuals may have an important effect on the development of the mental disorders.

关 键 词：焦虑敏感 注意偏向 点探测任务 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]