457例儿童情绪障碍原因分析及药物治疗  

Etiology and Drug Treatment of Emotional Disorders in 457 Children

作　　者：梅其霞[1] 王敏健[1] 魏华[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,重庆400014

出　　处：《儿科药学杂志》2016年第6期17-19,共3页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的：通过分析457例情绪障碍患儿的临床资料,探讨情绪障碍更恰当的防治方法。方法：通过对我院心理科门诊457例情绪障碍儿童的心理咨询、心理测评和治疗进行总结,分析患儿的流行病学特征,如发病年龄、性别、情绪障碍类型、情绪障碍的内因和外因及治疗方法。结果：情绪障碍患儿年龄以13~17岁居多,为335例（61.6%）;性别以女性较多（248例）,男女之比为1∶1.19;情绪障碍类型最多的为焦虑症,共169例（37.0%）,其中80.5%（136例）是分离性焦虑症;情绪障碍儿童发病的内因是个性不良,369例（80.7%）表现为情绪不稳定型,外因是各种各样的心理诱因,单一因素最多的为环境转变,共242例（32.1%）;339例患儿（74.18%）需要采用心理治疗加药物治疗。结论：儿童情绪障碍在青春期更容易出现,且女性儿童更容易出现情绪障碍;儿童情绪障碍类型以焦虑症,尤其是分离性焦虑最常见;情绪不稳定个性儿童更有可能发生情绪障碍。应及时采用心理治疗和药物治疗,儿童情绪障碍可获得良好预后。Objective： To analyze the clinical data of 457 children with emotional disorders,to explore the etiology and drug treatment of emotional disorders. Methods： Psychological counselling,psychological assessment and psychotherapy data of 457 children with emotional disorders were summarized in psychology department of Children＇s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, the epidemiological characteristics of children were analyzed including age,gender,type of emotional disorder,internal cause and external cause of emotional disorder and treatment method. Results： A total of 61. 6% children were in the 13 to 17 years old. The male-tofemale ratio of emotional disorders was approximately 1 ∶ 1. 19. The main type of emotional disorders was anxiety,a total of 169 cases（ 37. 0%）,136 cases（ 80. 5%） were separation anxiety. The onset internal cause of children with emotional disorder was bad personality,369 cases（ 80. 7%） were emotional instability,the external cause were the psychological causes of all kinds,the single factor was changes of the environment,a total of 242 children（ 32. 1%）. Three hundreds and thirty nine cases（ 74. 18%） with emotional disorder need psychotherapy and drug treatment. Conclusion： Children＇s emotional disorders in adolescence are more likely to appear,female children are more prone to emotional disorders,the main type of emotional disorders in children was anxiety,especially the separation anxiety. Children with emotionally unstable personality is more likely to occur emotional disorders. Children with emotional disorder need psychotherapy and drug treatment in time.

关 键 词：儿童 情绪障碍 个性 药物治疗 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]