新一代低温液体快速发射运载火箭及其发展  

New Generation Cryogenic Quick Launching Launch Vehicle and Development

作　　者：张卫东[1] 王东保 

机构地区：[1]上海航天技术研究院,上海201109 [2]上海宇航系统工程研究所,上海201109

出　　处：《上海航天》2016年第B05期1-7,共7页Aerospace Shanghai

摘　　要：介绍了研制的新一代低温液体快速发射液体运载火箭(CZ-6)的总体方案、系统组成和测发模式。CZ-6运载火箭主要由总体、箭体结构分系统、动力分系统、控制分系统、地面发射支持分系统等组成。给出了全箭运载能力、入轨精度、可靠性等主要技术指标,并与国外部分中小型运载火箭进行了比较。CZ-6运载火箭主要技术特点有采用总体优化设计、液氧煤油低温动力、高压补燃发动机氧箱自生增压、高温高压燃气滚动控制、基于双八表捷联惯组的先进集成控制、大温差夹层共底贮箱和全向透波复合材料整流罩等轻量化结构、整体运输起竖的"三平"测发模式下的7d快速发射。展望了后续快速响应能力提高和快速发射火箭系列拓展等发展方向。首飞1箭20星发射圆满成功,实现了卫星高精度入轨。The overall design scheme,composition and test and launching mode of the new generation cryogenic quick launching CZ-6launch vehicle were introduced in this paper.The launch vehicle was mainly composited of the overall system and subsystems of structure,power,control and ground support.The main performances of the launch vehicle including the payload capability,injection accuracy and reliability were presented which were compared with those of small and medium sized ones in abroad.The main technical features were overall optimal design,oxygen and kerosene cryogenic propulsion,oxygen tank self-pressurization of the high-pressure staged combustion engine,rolling-control by gas under high temperature and high pressure,the advanced control technology based on two 8-meters inertial measurement units（IMU）,large temperature difference sandwich coplanar tank,full-direction RF transparent composite fairing and ＂three horizon＂test-launch mode based on integral transport and erection which could launched in 7days.The ability improvement of quick response and serial development of CZ-6launch vehicle in the future were prospected.The first flight of CZ-6launch vehicle was perfect which injected twenty satellites into orbit accurately.

关 键 词：运载火箭 快速发射 液氧煤油 自生增压 燃气滚动控制 集成控制 夹层共底贮箱 全向透波整流罩 

分 类 号：V434.34[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]