司法证明的逻辑与结构探析——以威格莫尔案件事实逻辑结构模型为例  

On logic and structure of judicial proof: a perspective of Wigmore's logical structure model

作　　者：刘方荣[1] 张存建[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆第二师范学院继续教育学院,重庆400067 [2]江苏师范大学哲学与公共管理学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《重庆第二师范学院学报》2016年第3期5-9,17,共6页Journal of Chongqing University of Education

基　　金：重庆市社会科学规划项目"司法证明逻辑研究"(2015BS087);2015年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学研究一般项目"法律事实证明逻辑结构研究"(15SKG198)

摘　　要：司法证明需要形式逻辑和非形式逻辑的支持,以接受因果推理、合情推理、回溯推理以及诉诸无知等方式接受逻辑理性的导引。威格莫尔以建构逻辑结构模型的方式解析案件事实证明过程,为之提供支持的则是一种结构主义方法论。但无论是威格莫尔的模型,还是艾伦的改进,都对证据性事实的采信过程重视不够,因而需要一种与常识的剥离。为此,有必要以证据资料奠基证据性事实的采信,进一步明确案件事实认定过程中各个区间的推理适用,以达到分阶段、递进地发挥证据性事实在司法实务中的作用这一目的。以对威格莫尔逻辑结构模型的这一改进分析"邓玉娇案",可以为关于司法证明的理论探究提供新的素材和思路。Judicial proof needs the support of both formal logic and informal logic. Through using of causal reasoning,plausible reasoning,abductive reasoning,and giving the burden of proof by argument from ignorance,judicial proof gets a kind of logical guidance. Wigmore explained the case proof process with a logical structure model,based on a structuralist methodology. However,both Wigmore's model and Allen's improvement payed insuficient attention to the admitting process of evidential facts. So it needs a stripping away of common sense. On basis of Wigmore's logical structure model,this paper takes evidential data as a step prior of getting evidential facts,and argues for the inferences needed in fixing case facts,and tries to show the necessity of keeping inferring on the base of evidential facts. Finally,it explains 'DENG Yu-jiao Case'with the improved model,to get some data or idea needed in furthering studies of judicial proof.

关 键 词：司法证明 逻辑 结构主义 案件事实 

分 类 号：D90-051[政治法律—法学理论]