降水处理对南亚热带季风林土壤微生物群落结构的影响  

Effects of the Soil Microbial Community Structure to Changes in Precipitation in the South Subtropical Monsoon Forest

作　　者：吴华清[1] 陈小梅[1] 林媚珍[1] 张静[2] 褚国伟[2] 邓琦[3] 

机构地区：[1]广州大学地理科学学院,广东广州510006 [2]中国科学院华南植物园,广东广州510650 [3]中国科学院武汉植物园,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2016年第4期583-590,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31400415);广东省自然科学基金项目(2014A030310354);广州市属高校科技计划项目(1201430746);广东省普通高校青年创新人才项目(2014KQNCX110)

摘　　要：全球变暖导致降水格局的变化,进而影响到土壤碳排放与土壤环境特征,土壤微生物群落结构是反映这一变化的有效早期响应指示.以南亚热带鼎湖山季风常绿阔叶林（季风林）土壤为对象,探讨降水变化对不同土壤层土壤微生物群落的影响,试验设置3 种降水变化处理（年降水量不变但降水次数增加、减少50%降水量、自然降水）,采用磷脂脂肪酸（PLFA）技术提取土壤微生物含量.结果表明：（1）不同降水处理对同-土层土壤微生物总PLFAs 量、细菌PLFAs 量、真菌PLFAs量、放线菌PLFAs 量、丛枝菌根真菌PLFAs 量影响不显著（P〉0.05）;（2）0-10 cm 土层中,土壤微生物细菌（革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌）、真菌、放线菌和丛枝菌根真菌的相对丰度值差异不明显,说明不同降水处理条件下,该层土壤微生物群落结构较为相似;（3）10-20 cm 土层中,不同降水处理对细菌（革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌）的相对丰度产生明显的影响（P〈0.05）;（4）在所有试验处理中,土壤pH 作为一个重要的影响因子,与土壤微生物总PLFAs 量成极显著负相关关系（P〈0.01）.Changes in precipitation patterns caused by global warming is a common phenomenon, which affects soil carbon respiration and soil environmental characteristics. Soil microbial community structure is an effective indicator to reflect this change. In this paper, we take the soil of the south subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Dinghu mountain as research object. Our object explores the influence of precipitation changes on soil microbial communities in different soil layers. Three experimental treatments are included: The precipitation is constant but the times of precipitation increases, reduce the amount of precipitation by 50%, normal precipitation (control group). Soil microbial biomass was measured by the method of phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA). The experiment results show that: (1) The three precipitant treatments did not significantly affected the amounts of soil microbial total PLFAs, bacteria PLFAs, fungi PLFAs, actinomycetes PLFAs and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi PLFAs of the same layer in the rainy premonsoon season. (2) In the layer 0~10 cm, the relative abundance of bacterial, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, arbuscular mycorrhizal had not significant difference, which indicated the soil microbial community structures were similar under different treatment conditions. (3) In the layer 10~20 cm, the relative abundance of bacterial show obvious difference (P<0.05) in the soil microbial community structure. (4) There was the negative correlation between the soil pH value and the total PLFAs of soil microbial biomass (P<0.01) under different experimental treatment.

关 键 词：降水变化 土壤微生物生物量 微生物群落结构 季风常绿阔叶林磷 脂脂肪酸(PLFA) 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学] X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]