MicroRNAs在胃癌中的研究进展  

Progress in MiRNAs as Emerging Biomarkers in Gastric Cancer

作　　者：刘佳音[1] 燕飞虎[1] 张艳桥[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属肿瘤医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150081

出　　处：《中国肿瘤》2016年第6期459-464,共6页China Cancer

摘　　要：MicroRNAs(miRNAs)是长度约22个核苷酸片段的进化保守分子,其转录后通过沉默目的基因而调节基因表达。miRNAs参与几乎所有的生物学过程,如增殖、凋亡、细胞分化/代谢、上皮间质细胞转化等等,且与肿瘤发生密切相关。miRNAs作用取决于其目的基因。miRNAs一旦功能失调,它们调节细胞生长、细胞周期、细胞迁移的作用即变为抑癌或致癌。由于缺乏高度敏感非侵入性诊断标志物,胃癌高危个体的早期诊断率和总生存率仍然很低。近期许多研究表明,miRNAs是一个很有前景的生物学标志物,可以决定胃癌患者预后并预测生存期和胃癌患者复发。文章主要就microRNAs作为新兴生物学标志物在胃癌的研究进展作一综述。MicroRNAs（miRNAs） are evolutionary conserved molecules that comprise approximately22 nucleotides. They regulate gene expression by silencing posttranscriptional target genes. MiRNAs are involved in almost all biological processes,such as proliferation,apoptosis,cell differentiation,metabolism,epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition,and thus implicated in carcinogenesis.Malfunction of miRNAs plays either a tumor-suppressive or an oncogenic role in regulating cell growth,cell cycles and cell migration. The overall survival rate and early diagnostic rate of gastric cancer still remain poor because of lack of highly sensitive and non-invasive diagnostic biomarkers.Recent studies have shown that miRNAs is a prospective biomarker so that it might be used to determine the prognosis of gastric cancer patients,as well as predicting the survival rate and recurrence. The progress of miRNAs as a novel biomarker in gastric cancer is be reviewed.

关 键 词：MICRORNAS 生物学标志物 胃癌 

分 类 号：R735.2[医药卫生—肿瘤]