“V+得+像义词+什么+比况助词”的功能表达与构成特性  

The Expression and Charactertics on “V+de+Comparative Words+Shenme+Metaphorical Auxiliary Words” Construction

作　　者：胡承佼[1] 潘晓军[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学文学院,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《汉语学习》2016年第3期33-42,共10页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"汉语单音节多功能副词的语义地图模型研究"(项目编号:14CYY032);安徽省高校省级人文社会科学研究重点项目"标记理论视角下的汉语描摹助词研究"(项目编号:S K2014A257)资助

摘　　要："V+得+像义词+X+比况助词"具有虚泛比拟、抽象描摹和补充极性程度三种表达功能。在"V"的选择上,如果"V"为形容词,应是光杆、具有[+可度量]语义基础的性质形容词;如果"V"为动词,应是光杆、具有[+情态生发]语义基础的行为动词。"V+得+像义词+什么+比况助词"已经构式化,构式义为:描述说明作为施事、当事或受事的表述对象在某一情态显现上程度极高。该构式义的形成以比拟性表达为基础,以信息足量原则下的语用推理为促动。＂V＋de＋comparative word＋shenme＋metaphorical auxiliary words＂ can expresses the functions of indefinite metaphor、abstract depicting and the highest degree performance. If ＂V＂ is adjective, it has bare and measurable semantic foundation. If ＂V＂ is verb, it should be speech act verbs with bare and modal expression. ＂V＋de＋comparative word＋shenme＋metaphorical auxiliary words＂ is a Construction. Meaning of the Construction is： describe the expressive object as agent、experiencer or patient show the highest degree of certain state. It＇s formed as the foundation of comparison, and motivated by pragmatics inference under the principal of information sufficiency.

关 键 词：比拟 情态显现 极性程度 标记性构式 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]