“行了”的语用否定功能  

Pragmatic Negative Function of “Xingle”

作　　者：朱军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学文学院,江苏南京211815 [2]湘潭大学文新院,湖南湘潭411105

出　　处：《汉语学习》2016年第3期64-73,共10页Chinese Language Learning

基　　金：教育部规划基金项目"互动视角的汉语间接否定类应答构式研究"(项目编号:15YJA740070);湖南省社科基金项目"自然会话中的语用否定构式研究"(项目编号:15YBA357)资助

摘　　要："行了_3"具有语用标记语功能,是表示"话语/行为终止"的语用否定方式;"行了_3"是在表示"达成某件事"的插入语"行了_1"用法基础上语用化而成,而并非由语气助词"行了_2"虚化而来;具体的语用机制是合作原则下的量的准则和礼貌原则下的得体准则。"行了"类终止式的否定强度低于一般否定式与反问式,与它们共现时,一般都位于句首,遵守由弱至强的语序规律,同时也遵守互动过程中的简练原则。＂Xingle＂ that marking with function of discourse is a means of indirect negation of ＂discourse termination＂. The formation of this kind of ＂xingle＂ is based on one of its meaning--＂finished something＂, from the result of pragmatilization, not is came from ＂xingle＂ of modal verbs. The main pragmatic rules are quantity and appropriateness. The semantic strength of Indirect negative construction as ＂xingle＂ is lower than the general negation and rhetorical question type. If ＂X le＂ co-occurs with them, it not only has followed the rules of word order from weak to strong generally, but also economy principle in interaction.

关 键 词：“行了” 终止话语 插入语 语用标记语 语用化 共现规律 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]