2种大洋性柔鱼类角质颚形态识别法的比较  

Beak shape identification of two oceanic squids based on different methods

作　　者：苏杭[1,2] 方舟[1,2] 陈新军[1,3,4,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306 [3]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2016年第3期225-235,共11页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC41476129;NSFC41276156);国家863计划(2012AA092303);上海市研究生教育创新计划和国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B01)

摘　　要：依据中国鱿钓船2013年8~10月在北太平洋海域采集的柔鱼（Ommastrephes bartramii）和2014年4~7月在中东太平洋海域采集的茎柔鱼（Dosidicus gigas）样本,分别运用传统测量学法和傅里叶分析法对2种柔鱼类的角质颚进行识别,并对结果进行比较分析。运用传统测量学法共选取了12项角质颚参数值比较形态差异;角质颚外部轮廓形态通过软件转化为20组傅里叶代码（EFDs）后选取77个傅里叶值进行判别分析。结果表明,2种柔鱼类上、下角质颚形态在上头盖长（UHL）、上脊突长（UCL）、上喙长（URL）、上喙宽（URW）、上侧壁长（ULWL）、下脊突长（LCL）、下喙长（LRL）、下喙宽（LRW）、下侧壁长（LLWL）、下翼长（LWL）中存在显著性差异（P〈0.01）,上翼长（UWL）、下头盖长（LHL）不存在显著性差异（P〉0.05）。主成分分析结果显示,传统测量法中下喙长（LRL）和下喙宽（LRW）与胴长（ML）之比主成分得分最高;傅里叶分析法显示上角质颚前16主成分可以解释总变异的83.58%;下角质颚前16主成分可以解释变异的73.76%。逐步判别分析将上头盖长（UHL）、上喙长（URL）、上侧壁长（ULWL）、下头盖长（LHL）、上喙长（URL）、上喙宽（URW）与胴长（ML）之比纳入判别分析函数,总别正确率为95%;傅里叶分析法将18个傅里叶值纳入判别函数,上颚总判别率为97.6%;下颚总判别率为85.7%。总体而言,2种方法对柔鱼类角质颚判别均有效,且上颚区分效果更明显。本文为头足类的种类判别提供了更多的且有效的识别方法。Identification of upper beaks and lower beaks was investigated in geometric among two species of Ommastrephide： Ommastrephes bartramii caught in the North Pacific from August to October in 2013,Dosidicus gigas caught in equatorial waters of the Equator from April to July in 2014. Three upper beaks and lower beaks were analyzed based on traditional measurement and Fourier analysis for species identification.Twelve variables were measured on the upper beak and lower beak; digitalized photographs of beaks were transformed to Ellipse Fourier descriptors（ EFDs）. Finally,77 standardized EFDs were analyzed by principal component analysis（ PCA） and stepwise discriminant analysis（ SDA）. Results showed that the upper hood length（ UHL）,upper crest length（ UCL）,upper rostrum length（ URL）,upper rostrum width（ URW）,upper lateral wall length（ ULWL）,lower crest length（ LCL）,lower rostrum length（ LRL）,lower rostrum width（ LRW）,lower crost wall length（ LLWL）,lower wing length（ LWL） had significant differences between two species（ P 0. 01）,upper wall length（ UWL）,lower hood length（ LHL） had no significant difference between two species（ P 0. 05）. Results of PCA showed that the highest variables were lower rostrum length（ LRL）and lower rostrum width（ LRW）,first sixteen components accounted for 83. 58% of total contribution of mutation,and the scatter-plot revealed relative overlapping within two species. There were 16 principal components with 83. 58% cumulative contribution of upper beak and 73. 76% cumulative contribution of lower beak. SDA showed that dorsal lateral length（ DLL / ML）,lateral dome length（ LDL / ML）,wing length（ WL /ML）,rostrum width（ RW/ML） entered as coefficients in the function,total correct classification was95%; 18 harmonics of 77 EFDs entered in SDA in Fourier analysis with total correct classification of 97. 6%and 85. 7%. Overall,traditional measurement and Fourier analysis can identify Ommastrephes bartramii and Do

关 键 词：角质颚 传统测量学法 傅里叶分析法 柔鱼 茎柔鱼 判别分析 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]