明代福建科举家族的规模、代数构成及空间分布  

The Size,Generation and Distribution of Imperial-examination Families in Fujian in Ming Dynasty

作　　者：蔡惠茹[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学社会历史学院 [2]闽南师范大学闽南文化研究中心

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2016年第2期37-46,共10页Chinese Culture Research

基　　金：2011年度国家社会科学基金项目<明代进士群体与政治及社会变迁研究>(11BZS030);2015年福建省社会科学基金项目<明代福建科举家族研究>(项目号FJ2015C057)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：科举家族通常是指在以首位考取举人功名者为起点的直系五代亲属及其同父兄弟中,至少出现举人、进士各一名或三名举人的家族。明代福建符合以上条件的家族673个,共拥有进士960名、举人1091名,分别约占明代福建进士、举人总数的41.6%、18.4%。其中,具有两代科举功名的家族占到总数的56.7%,足见科举家族的赓续并非易事,也从一个侧面折射出明代福建科举保持了很高的社会流动率。此外,明代福建科举家族的空间分布虽很广泛,但又相当不平衡,高度集中于沿海地区,这与其所具有的科举实力大致相当,不过也有个别科举家族的规模、具有科举功名的代数远超其所处地区科举发展的整体水平。The Imperial-examination Family refers to the families which at least had both one Juren and one Jinshi or three Juren,including the first Juren,his brothers and immediate family members in the following four generations. There were 673 Imperial-examination Families in Fujina Province in Ming Dynasty,and they included 960 Jinshi and 1091 Juren,which accounted for 41. 6% and 18. 4% of all Fujian＇s Jinshi and Juren in the Ming Dynasty corresponding. And 56. 7% of the families＇ success last for only two generations,it can clearly been seen that it wasn＇t an easy thing to maintain their success,and it also reflected that,the rate of social mobility in Fujian in Ming Dynasty was rather high. Besides,the distribution of Imperial-examination Families in Fujian in Ming Dynasty was uneven though it was widely spread. Most of them were from costal areas,mainly owing to their strength in imperial examination,but there were also several families whose size,generations surpassed regional level greatly.

关 键 词：明代福建 科举家族 规模 代数 空间分布 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691.3[历史地理—中国史]