基于动态J-C本构的轨道交通车辆新型切削式吸能装置耐撞性研究  

On Crashworthiness of the New Cutting Energy-absorbing Device Installed on Railway Vehicles Based on Dynamic Johnson Cook Constitutive

作　　者：刘艳文[1] 修瑞仙[2] 李本怀 王科飞[1] 李成林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春工程师130062 [2]长春师范大学工程学院,长春130062

出　　处：《城市轨道交通研究》2016年第6期28-33,共6页Urban Mass Transit

基　　金：长春师范大学自然科学基金(长师大自科合字[2014]第008号)

摘　　要：针对国内对轨道交通车辆切削式吸能装置的研究大多单从数值仿真出发、缺乏与试验数据的对比、其仿真结果准确性有待探讨的现状,德国德累斯顿TUV SUD铁路股份有限公司铁道车辆测试中心率先对某新型AX-CE型切削式防爬吸能装置进行动态试验,得到其碰撞界面力、压缩行程随时间变化曲线,检验吸能装置的动态性能;采用显示有限元软件LS-DYNA详细建立AX-CE型切削式吸能装置的等效三维模型;采用Johnson-Cook动态热粘塑性材料本构模型、剪切损伤分离准则以及界面粘结-滑移混合摩擦模型,对高速切削吸能及切屑生成过程进行研究,并与试验进行对比分析,验证了数值仿真的正确性;分析了刀具前角、切屑圆心角、切削深度和切削速度等参数对切削式吸能过程的影响程度。研究表明,切削式吸能装置较现有吸能装置吸能特性更优,控制界面力峰值更强;切削深度和切屑圆心角对界面力和吸能的影响显著,刀具前角及切削速度对其影响则较小。Many studies done in China on cutting energy-ab- sorbing device for railway vehicle are quite inadequate, because most data used are coming from single numerical simulation without comparison with thc experimental data, and the accuracy of the simulations needs further exploitation. Aiming at this situation, dynamic tests are conducted on the new type AX CE metal cutting energy-absorbing de vice in the railway testing center of TUV SUD Rail Corpo- ration located in Dresden of Germany, the curves of colli- sion interface force, compression stroke versus time and the inspecting dynamic performance of the device are obtained, an equivalent 3D finite element model for the absorbing process of AX CE energy-absorption device is established by using the explicit finite element software LS DYNA. Then, the dynamic Johnson Cook thermal viscoplastic con- stitutive model, shear damage criterion for chip separation and the sticking-sliding mixed friction model on tool-chip interface are adopted, to study the energy absorption for high-speed cutting and chip generation process, the FE model has been verified by tests to be accurate. The effects of tool rake angel, chip central angle, cutting depth and cutting speed on the properties of cutting energy-absorbing process are also studied. The results show that the absorb- ing characteristics of cutting energy-absorbing device, the control over the peak force are better and stronger than existing energy absorbing devices. Also, the effect of rake angle and chip central angle on interracial force and energy absorption proves to be significant, the influence over cutting depth and cutting speed is smaller.

关 键 词：轨道交通车辆 切削式吸能装置 动态J-C本构 剪切损伤分离准则 

分 类 号：U270.389[机械工程—车辆工程]