不同肉用品种牛与新疆褐牛最佳杂交组合筛选试验  

Hybridization of Different Breeds of Beef Cattle and Xinjiang Brown Cattle

作　　者：全灵 范守民 策仁道尔吉 纳进程 

机构地区：[1]新疆伊犁州畜禽改良站,新疆伊宁835000

出　　处：《畜牧与饲料科学》2016年第5期3-6,共4页Animal Husbandry and Feed Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD47B01);国家现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系专项(CARS-28)

摘　　要：新疆褐牛是我国自主培育的乳肉兼用品种,具有耐寒、耐粗饲、适应性和抗逆性强、适宜草原放牧等特性。试验选择新疆褐牛(BD)与肉用品种牛——南德温牛(ND)、红安格斯牛(AG)、肉用西门塔尔牛(XM)进行经济杂交,以确定其是否可以表现出明显的杂种优势和很好的配合力。结果表明,ND×BD组出生重较其他2组高,AG×BD组出生重最低;随着月龄的增加,AG×BD组的体重迅速增加,表现为生长早期强势发育,但随着月龄的不断增加,从6月龄开始,AG×BD组与其他2组体重逐渐接近;到12月龄时,AG×BD组胸宽显著高于其他2组,但其他指标没有差异。试验显示,最佳杂交组合为ND×BD组,其次为AG×BD组,最后为XM×BD组。Xinjiang Brown Cattle, a breed independently cultivated in China, commonly serves as a dual-purpose cattle for both meat and milk production. This breed has a series of superior characters, such as cold resistance, roughage resistance, strong adaptability and resistance, and is suitable for grazing in grassland. In attempt to screen the hybrid combination with obvious heterosis and optimal economic performance, the hybridization tests were conducted by using Xinjiang Brown Cattle（BD） and different breeds of beef cattle, including South Devon Cattle（ND）, Red Angus Cattle（AG） and Beef Simmental（XM）. The results revealed that the birth weight of ND ×BD combination was higher than the other two combinations. The AG ×BD combination has the lowest birth weight. With the increase of months of age, the body weight of AG×BD combination was rapidly increased, exhibiting developmental superiority in early stage. However, from 6 months of age, the disparity in body weight between AG ×BD and the other two combinations gradually vanished. While the chest wide of AG ×BD combination was significantly higher than the other two combinations in 12 months of age, no differences were observed in the other indicators. The combined data showed that the optimal hybrid combination was ND×BD, followed by AG×BD and XM×BD.

关 键 词：新疆褐牛 杂种优势 生长发育 产肉性能 

分 类 号：S823.32[农业科学—畜牧学]