食盐加碘17年后石家庄市农村地区孕妇碘营养调查  

Iodine nutritional status of pregnant women in rural areas of Shijiazhuang City after 17 years of salt iodization

作　　者：张海红[1] 吕胜敏[2] 牟振国 郑素娟[4] 宗雪梅 

机构地区：[1]石家庄市疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,石家庄050011 [2]河北省疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,石家庄050011 [3]石家庄市食品药品监督管理局食品处,石家庄050011 [4]石家庄市卫生监督局环境处,石家庄050011 [5]石家庄市平山县疾病预防控制中心地方病防治所,平山050400

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2016年第6期427-430,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

摘　　要：目的了解全民食盐加碘17年后石家庄市农村地区孕妇的碘营养状况。方法采用人口比例概率抽样法，在石家庄市农村地区的211个乡镇中抽取30个乡镇，每个乡镇选取40名孕妇，采集其1次即时尿样、家中食用盐及孕妇所在村水样，测定碘含量。盐碘的测定采用直接滴定法（GB／T13025．7—2012），尿碘的测定采用过硫酸铵消化一砷铈催化分光光度测定方法（WS／T107—2006），水碘的测定采用生活饮用水标准检验法。结果共采集1200份盐样，盐碘中位数为27．2mg／kg，30个乡镇盐碘中位数范围为23．4—32．6mg／kg。共采集478份水样，水碘中位数为5.3μg／L。1200名孕妇的尿碘中位数为146．4μg／L。妊娠早（≤13周）、中（14—26周）、晚（≥27周）期的尿碘中位数分别为166．3、145．1、133．5μg／L，妊娠早期的尿碘中位数显著高于妊娠晚期（Mann—WhitneyTest，U=18265，P〈0．05）。除9—20周和37～40周的孕妇外，其余孕龄孕妇的尿碘中位数均低于世界卫生组织（WHO）推荐的标准（150μg/L）。经直线相关分析，未发现孕妇尿碘和盐碘中位数存在相关关系（r=0．725，P〉0．05）。结论在目前的碘盐供应状况下，石家庄市农村地区孕妇碘摄入量基本能够满足需求，但孕后期轻度缺碘，可增加其他措施进行补碘。Objective To explore the iodine status of pregnant women after 17 years of salt iodization in rural areas of Shijiazhuang City. Methods Probability proportionate to size sampling was employed in which 30 towns were selected from the 211 towns in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City. In each town selected, 40 pregnant women were randomly selected to collect their spot urine samples, edible salt samples and drinking water samples from their households to measure iodine content. The iodine content of salt was determined quantitatively using a titration method （GB/T 13025.7-2012）. The urinary iodine content was determined using the method of ammonium persulfate digestion arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometry （WS/T 107-2006）. The iodine content in drinking water was determined by the method of standard test for drinking water. Results A total of 1 200 salt samples was collected from the pregnant women＇s households in 30 towns, with the overall median iodine content being 27.2 mg/kg. The median salt iodine content in 30 towns varied from 23.4 to 32.6 mg/kg. A total of 478 water samples were collected, with a median of 5.3 μg/L. The median urinary iodine content （UIC） of 1 200 pregnant women in 30 towns was 146.4 μg/L. The median UIC in the first （≤ 13 weeks）, second （14 - 26 weeks） and third （≥27 weeks） trimesters was 166.3, 145.1 and 133.5 μg/L, respectively. The median UIC in the first trimester was significantly higher than that in the third trimester （Mann-Whitney Test, U = 18 265, P 〈 0.05）. Except for the 9 - 20 and 37 - 40 weeks period of pregnancy, the median UIC was lower than the WHO criteria （150 μg/L）. Tested by linear correlation, the pregnant women＇s median UIC did not correlate with median salt iodine （r = 0.725, P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion Under the current universal salt iodization, the pregnant women＇s iodine intake could almost meet their requirement in the rural areas of Shijiazhuang City, however, mild iodine deficiency has existed in the third t

关 键 词：碘缺乏 盐类 碘营养 孕妇 调查 

分 类 号：R153.1[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]