无卤阻燃芦苇纤维及PVC复合材料的制备  

Preparation of halogen-free flame retardant phragmites australis fiber and PVC composites

作　　者：夏英[1] 朱琳琳[1] 刘然[1] 葛佩佩 李光辉[1] 董行[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连工业大学纺织与材料工程学院,辽宁大连116034

出　　处：《大连工业大学学报》2016年第3期212-216,共5页Journal of Dalian Polytechnic University

基　　金：大连市建委科技计划项目(2013378)

摘　　要：分别选用聚磷酸铵(APP)、聚磷酸铵/季戊四醇(APP/PER)膨胀阻燃体系,通过物理浸渍法对芦苇纤维(PA)进行阻燃化处理,以聚氯乙烯(PVC)为基体树脂,PA、阻燃芦苇纤维作为填料,制备了PPA复合材料。通过力学性能、氧指数、垂直燃烧和剩炭率等测试,分析了浸渍阻燃对芦苇纤维阻燃性能和热稳定性的影响,对复合材料的力学性能、热性能和微观结构进行了分析。结果表明,阻燃改性可提高纤维的阻燃性能和热稳定性,其中,APP/PER复配阻燃芦苇纤维(PA-2)的性能最优,氧指数可达32.3%,剩炭率65%,阻燃等级为V-0级。在阻燃体系中加入适量的PER对复合材料的界面性能有益,提高了拉伸性能。Flame retardant phragmites australis fibers were achieved by physical smpregnauon method with phragmites australis fiber （PA）, flame retardant polyphosphate （APP） and pentaerythritol （PER）. PPA composites were prepared by blending PA or flame retardant phragmites australis fibers with PVC resin. Effects of different flame retardant treatments on flame retardancy, thermal stability of PA and the mechanical property, microstructure of composites were analyzed through mechanical property test, oxygen index testing, vertical combustion test and yield rate of carbon test. The results showed that flame retardant modification could improve the flame retardancy and thermal stability of PA, of which phragmites australis fibers impregnated by APP and PER （PA-2） performed best with LOI of 32.3%, carbon yield rate of 65% and V-0 grade. Addition of appropriate amount PER was beneficial for interracial property, especially the tensile property.

关 键 词：芦苇纤维 物理浸渍 无卤阻燃 复合材料 

分 类 号：TS254.9[轻工技术与工程—水产品加工及贮藏工程]