基于网络报告的农村地区小学生缺勤缺课行为分析  

Analysis on absenteeism among primary students in rural area based on network report system

作　　者：周昌明[1] 赵琦[1] 宋肖肖[1,2] 徐飚[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,上海200032 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2016年第6期614-616,633,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

基　　金：欧盟第七轮研究框架项目(241900)

摘　　要：目的 了解农村地区小学生缺勤缺课现状及原因,分析其人群、时间分布特点。方法 以江西省永修县和奉新县的63所小学为监测点,共覆盖31554名小学生,依托欧盟项目建立的农村综合监测系统,采集基于网络报告的监测信息,对所得数据进行描述与分析。结果 在2012年4月1日~2014年3月31日期间,共收集18407人天的缺课数据,缺课率为0.16%。学生首要缺课原因是因病缺课（74.32%）,因病缺课率0.12%;男生缺课率高于女生,低年龄组报告缺课人次居多;学生因病缺课以春季和秋季最高,感冒发烧是学生缺课的主要原因,占64.25%。结论 应加强学校缺勤缺课尤其是疾病流行季节时的监测,积极开展小学生、教师及其家长的健康教育,强化学校卫生工作。Objective To describe the occurrence of absenteeism of primary students in rural areas and analyze the distribution of absenteeism by time, people and place. Methods Web based absenteeism surveillance system suppor- ted by European Union project were established in two counties of Jiangxi Province, which covered 63 primary schools and 31 554 students. All absenteeism daily reports were collected from the system and analyzed by appropriate software. Re- sults From 1st April, 2012 to 31 st March, 2014, 18 407 absent records were reported and the absence rate was 0. 16%. The major cause of absenteeism was illness （74. 32% ） and the absenteeism rate was 0. 12%. The absence rate of boy students was higher than girl students and declined with grade increasing. And the absence rate due to illness reached its peak in spring and fall, the major reasons for absence were fever and cold which accounted for 64. 25%. Conclusions The absenteeism surveillance system should be enhanced especially during the reversal of seasons and epidemic of diseases. The health education should be strengthened to improve school hygiene recognition of their parents and teachers.

关 键 词：学生 病假 人群监测 

分 类 号：R181.13[医药卫生—流行病学]