枯落物腐烂分解对封闭景观水体的影响  

Effect of the decomposition of the litters on the enclosed waterhead landscapes

作　　者：王桢桢[1] 潘杨[1] 黄勇[1] 翟笑伟 

机构地区：[1]苏州科技学院环境科学与工程学院,江苏苏州215009

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2016年第3期305-309,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50938005);江苏省高等学校大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201310332049X);江苏省环境科学与工程重点专业(类)项目;江苏省特色优势学科二期立项项目

摘　　要：以苏州科技学院校内的师陶园水体为研究对象,通过1年半的水质监测及表观记录,结合5个月的现场试验,分析了树木枯落物腐烂分解的营养物释放规律及其对封闭景观水体的影响。结果表明：枯落物腐烂分解的营养物释放过程为释放—吸收—再释放—再吸收,自然条件（2—6月、水温10~27℃）下,枯落物在腐烂分解70 d左右达到物质释放最大量,每千克干重的枯落物可释放COD、PO3-4-P和NH＋4-N的量分别为101.13 g、0.18 g和2.85 g,该过程会使水中的溶解氧（DO）降至2 mg/L以下的低水平。师陶园水体每年约受纳300kg枯落物,其腐烂分解释放的COD、PO3-4-P、NH＋4-N的量分别为30.3 kg、0.054 kg、0.86 kg,3个水质指标及浊度与腐殖酸（UV254）的相关系数分别为0.747、0.820、0.536、0.522,均在0.01水平下显著正相关,表明枯落物的腐烂分解是该水体的主要污染源,最终导致水体发生严重的水质污染和表观污染。The paper is aimed at disclosing the regularity of the litter decomposing and its effect on the enclosed landscape waterheads.In the paper,we would like to take as the case study sample the enclosed landscape water in Shitao Garden on the campus of Suzhou University of Science and Technology.For our research purpose,we have been keeping with the water quality monitoring and its performance records for 1.5 years and the field testing for a period of 5 months.The aforementioned field monitoring and testing results show that the releasing regularity of the nutrient compensation in the process of litters decomposition is by nature a process of release-absorption and release-re-adsorption.In natural conditions,such as from February to June in a year,when the temperature varies from 10 ℃ to 27 ℃,the nutrient release and decomposition period can most last about 70 days,during which the maximum amount of transformation from one kilogram of dry litters into COD,PO3-4-P and NH＋4-N works out at about 101.13 g,0.18 g and 2.85 g.And,in the transformation process,the dissolved oxygen（DO） is supposed to drop drastically even below2 mg/L.And,statistically speaking,in terms of the falling area,there may be about 300 kg of litters,such as fallen leaves,dead flowers that may come to fall on the ground turning to be moisture every year.And,in turn,it would be possible for the aforementioned litters to turn 30.3 kg,0.054 kg,0.86 kg of COD,PO3-4-P and NH＋4-N into soil moisture each year.In accordance with the monitoring analysis of the above mentioned water bodies,the water quality index of COD,PO3-4-P,NH＋4-N and the turbidity may have a significant positive correlation with the humic acid（UV254） at the level of 0.01,whose correlation coefficients may account for 0.747,0.820,0.536,0.522,respectively.What is more,the decomposition of plant residues also may result in the anomaly of color,and even the serious apparent black-odor pollution.Therefore,the above findings demonstrate that the decomposition of litters can be

关 键 词：环境学 枯落物分解腐烂 元素释放 封闭景观水体 水质污染 表观污染 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]