新型无血预充大鼠深低温停循环模型的建立  

Establishment of a new deep hypothermic circulatory arrest model without blood priming in rats

作　　者：曾庆东[1] 李勇男[1,2] 周玉姣[1] 孙燕华[1] 刘铭月 刘刚[1] 吉冰洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院,国家心血管病中心,阜外医院,心血管疾病国家重点实验室,体外循环中心,北京100037 [2]兰州大学第二临床医学院,兰州大学第二医院,兰州730000

出　　处：《中国体外循环杂志》2016年第2期120-124,共5页Chinese Journal of Extracorporeal Circulation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(项目批号:81270384)

摘　　要：目的在于建立温度可控的大鼠深低温停循环（DHCA）模型,为研究DHCA相关器官损伤及保护机制奠定基础。方法共15只SD雄性大鼠,分为两组：DHCA组（18℃~20℃,n=8）,常温体外循环组（n=7）。七氟烷诱导麻醉,颈静脉置入自制多孔静脉引流管为静脉引流端,左侧股动脉体表分支24 G套管针穿刺监测血压,鼠尾动脉20 G套管针穿刺为动脉灌注端。DHCA组体外循环开始后常温维持5 min后开始降温,30 min降至目标温度后停循环30 min,复温30 min至35℃以上停机,停机后呼吸机维持20 min。常温体外循环组大鼠维持常温体外循环。各组均分别于术前,术中15 min,复温后20 min,停机前,术后48 h,术后14 d,术后30 d七个时间点抽取血气分析,记录各时间点血气值,并于术中实时监测记录动脉压及心率。结果 DHCA组有1只大鼠死亡,其余14只大鼠均顺利完成实验过程,并于术后30 d麻醉状态下处死取材。术中血糖随时间的推延逐渐上升,且在复温至停机期间DHCA组升高较常温体外循环组更明显（P〈0.05）。术中及术后两组乳酸水平均明显上升,且在停循环后DHCA组较常温体外循环组上升更为明显（P〈0.05）,术后15 d时两组乳酸水平均明显回落。结论本实验成功采用将大鼠全身血液引出的方法,诱导心脏停跳,模型温度及麻醉深度精确可控,成功建立了DHCA模型,成功率高,术后存活率高,简便易行,可用于研究DHCA对大脑及其他脏器的影响,同时使DHCA后对大鼠神经功能评价的研究成为可能。Objective Deep hypothermic circulatory arrest（DHCA） could induce many postoperative complications, especial-ly neurological dysfunction, whose underlying mechanisms are unclear. Our aim is to establish a temperature-controlled DHCA modelin rats that could contribute to the research of organ injury mechanism related to DHCA.Methods Fifteen Sprague-Dawley rats weredivided into 2 groups： group A（DHCA（n = 8）, group B（normthermic CPB（n = 7））. After sevoflurane inhalation anesthesia, home-made multiorificed catheter was cannulated in the right jugular vein for venous drainage. A 24 G catheter was cannulated in the branchof the left femoral artery for arterial blood pressure monitoring, A 20 G catheter was cannulated in the tail artery for arterial inflow. InDHCA group, after the beginning of the experiment, the experimental process included normthermic CPB 5min, cooling to a rectal tem-perature of 18°C to 20°C within 30 minutes, deep hypothermic circulatory arrest 30 min, rewarming 30 min, and maintaining ventila-tionafter weaning from CPB 20 min.Blood gas analysis, homodynamic parameters, interval of cardiac recovery were measured at ninetime points（pre-operative, peri-operative 15 min, 85 min, 120 min, post-operative48 hours, post-operative 14 days, post-operative30 days）.Results One rat（in group A） died and the rest survived. The survived rats were killed under anesthesia at day30 post-op-eratively.Conclusions Cardiac arrest can be induced by the drainage of blood from jugular vein to reservoir successfully. The success-ful DHCA model in rats is characterized by convenient, safe and precise control of temperature and anesthesia depth.This model couldbe used instudy of pathophysiology of brain and other organs dysfunction caused by DHCA.

关 键 词：大鼠 深低温停循环 体外循环 动物模型 

分 类 号：R-332[医药卫生] R654.1