美国“负责任的纳米技术发展”评析  

A Review on Responsible Development of Nanotechnology in US

作　　者：胡明艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校哲学部

出　　处：《创新》2016年第3期78-84,共7页Innovation

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目"新兴技术发展的伦理争议研究"(12CZX021)

摘　　要：美国启动了世界上最早也是最大的国家纳米技术发展计划。在转基因技术发展在欧美推广遭遇争议的背景下,面对纳米技术存在的多重不确定性,为避免重蹈转基因的覆辙,美国政府从一开始就确立了"负责任的纳米技术发展"目标,围绕与纳米技术有关的健康、环境与安全问题(EHS)实施了软性监管和自愿章程管理,围绕与纳米技术有关的伦理、社会和法律议题(ELSI)开展了以"实时技术评估"为代表的"预期治理"研究,并进行了大量公众参与实践,较好地推动了纳米技术的健康发展,其经验值得我国借鉴。The United States initiated the first and also the world largest national nanotechnology development plan. Against the background of controversies of GM technology concerning the uncertainties of nanotechnology, the United States has set up the ＂responsible nanotechnology development＂ target from the beginning and has carried out supervision on health, environment and security issues related with nanotechnology. The US has also conducted research on expected administration represented by real-time technical evaluation concerning ethical, social and legal issues related with nanotechnology. The research involves much public participation and effectively promotes the sound development of nanotechnology, which has set good experience for China to learn from.

关 键 词：纳米技术 NNI 公共参与 美国 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]