抑癌基因甲基化作为潜在生物标志物在结直肠癌中的研究进展  

Hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes as potential biomarkers in colorectal cancer

作　　者：漆江红 王玉平[2] 卢启明[3] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学第一临床医学院,甘肃省兰州市730000 [2]兰州大学第一医院消化内科甘肃省胃肠病重点实验室,甘肃省兰州市730000 [3]甘肃省人民医院消化内科,甘肃省兰州市730000

出　　处：《世界华人消化杂志》2016年第16期2506-2512,共7页World Chinese Journal of Digestology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目;No.81570783;甘肃省自然科学基金资助项目;No.1506RJZA257;甘肃省胃肠病重点实验室开放课题资助项目;No.gswcky-2013-006~~

摘　　要：结直肠癌是一常见的恶性肿瘤,在全世界癌症死亡例数中居第4位,这是由于多基因组学累积和表观遗传学改变使结肠上皮细胞转变为侵袭性的恶性腺瘤所造成的,结直肠癌中表观遗传学改变,尤其是启动子区Cp G岛甲基化比基因突变更是频繁发生,高甲基化通过诱导转录沉默或抑癌基因下调而致癌,目前超过600个高甲基化基因的候选者已经被识别.表观遗传学中DNA甲基化是其代表中最大的体系之一,他对微创生物标志物的发展有广阔的前景.甲基化中诊断性标志物的发展已经取得很大的进步,目前分别是基于血液与粪便排泄物,其在市场上是可以购买到的,预后和预测性的甲基化标志物仍然在发展的初级阶段.Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor and the fourth cause of cancer related death in the world. Colorectal cancer is a consequence of the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic changes that transform colon epithelial cells into invasive malignant adenoma. Epigenetic changes, especially Cp G island methylation in the promoter region, occur more frequently than genetic mutations in colorectal cancer.Hypermethylation contributes to carcinogenesis by inducing transcriptional silencing or downregulation of tumor suppressor genes. Up to now, more than 600 hypermethylated gene candidates have been identified. The use of methylated tumor suppressor genes as minimally invasive biomarkers has broad prospects, and great progress has been made in this area. These biomarkers, either stool-based or blood-based, are now commercially available for diagnostics. However, hypermethylated tumor suppressor genes as prognostic and predictive markers are still at the primary stage of development.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 肿瘤抑癌基因 启动子区甲基化 生物标志物 

分 类 号：R735.34[医药卫生—肿瘤]