再认记忆中的消极重复效应：基于中国被试的新证据  

A Negative Effect of Repetition in Recognition Memory:Evidence from Chinese Participants

作　　者：刘楚麒 陆爱桃[1] 田海平[1] 李文桃 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理应用研究中心,心理学院,心理健康与认知科学广东重点实验室,广东省突发事件心理援助应急技术研究中心,广州510631

出　　处：《心理研究》2016年第3期36-42,共7页Psychological Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31571141);国家基础科学人才培养基金(J1030729和J1210024);广东省高等学校优秀青年教师培养计划(HS2015001)

摘　　要：本研究结合Peterson的重复记忆实验范式与DRM范式,运用信号检测理论的方法,以中国人为被试探讨了重复学习对学习目标词正确再认和关键诱饵词错误再认的影响。结果表明:(1)完全重复学习两遍可以产生记忆的积极重复效应,也就是说,重复学习能增强加工水平,从而提高学习目标词的正确再认和降低关键诱饵词的错误再认;(2)不完全重复学习产生了消极重复效应,也就是说,若第一次记忆中的组织加工与被试的固有记忆加工方式不一致,而第二次重复时则采取与被试固有记忆加工方式一致的呈现方式时,重复学习记忆降低学习目标词的正确再认率,且同时能降低关键诱饵词的错误再认;(3)聚合思维的中国被试同样表现出在再认记忆中的消极重复效应。本研究结果支持了中国人存在再认记忆的消极重复效应,支持了加工水平说而非项目独特性加工理论,这说明重复记忆的效果还受文化思维方式的影响。The present study combined Peterson＇s repetition memory paradigm and DRM paradigm to explore the effect of repetition on Chinese participants＇ proportions of hits and false alarms within the framework of Signal Detection Theory. The results showed that：（1） Complete repetition could produce positive repetition effect, which meant repetition could enhanced processing level and increased hits and decrease false alarms.（2） Incomplete repetition could produce negative repetition effect, which meant when the organizational processing differed with participants＇ confirmed processing in the first learning and the organizational processing was the same as participants＇ confirmed processing in repetition, repetition could decrease hits and false alarms.（3） The convergent-thinking Chinese participants also preformed negative repetition effect in recognition memory. The present study suggested that Chinese had negative repetition effect in recognition memory and provided more evidence to Levels-of-processing Mode instead of Item-SpecificRelational Account, which meant the effect of repetition was influenced with think processing mode as well.

关 键 词：DRM范式 加工水平说 项目独特性加工理论 再认记忆 思维加工模式 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]