几种防治方法对印度谷螟防治效果研究  

The Preliminary Research on the Control Efficacy of Plodia interpunctella( Hiibner) Larvae with Different Methods

作　　者：郑素慧[1] 韩盛[2] 徐斌[1] 朱文慧[3] 潘俨[1] 张婷[1] 车凤斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院农产品贮藏加工研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所,乌鲁木齐830091 [3]新疆农业大学食品科学与药学学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第5期888-892,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题“新疆特色瓜果现代贮藏关键技术集成研究与示范”(2011BAD27B01)

摘　　要：【目的】研究对印度谷螟幼虫有效的防治方法。【方法】通过低温（-10、-5、0和5℃）、化学药剂（甲酸乙酯、乙醇）和生物源药剂（生姜精油、薰衣草精油、大蒜精油、花椒精油）等分别处理印度谷螟幼虫,低温处理后统计幼虫死亡率,其余处理统计幼虫羽化率,采用SPSS软件的Duncan显著性检验方法分析数据。【结果】20 d内-10-0℃幼虫死亡率超过80%,5℃条件幼虫死亡率在50%左右;0℃及其以下与对照差异显著但之间差异不显著;乙醇处理后其羽化率始终低于30%;甲酸乙酯处理羽化率在15%左右,两实验组均与对照组差异显著但两实验组之间差异不显著;花椒精油和大蒜精油处理组羽化率维持在20%,生姜精油实验组羽化率50%,熏衣草油组羽化率60%,对照组达到80%,花椒精油、大蒜精油、生姜精油幼虫羽化率与对照组差异显著但之间差异不显著。【结论】印度谷螟幼虫具有一定的低温耐受性,在0℃及以下的低温对幼虫具有显著的致死作用;化学药剂处理（甲酸乙酯和乙醇）和生物源药剂处理（大蒜精油或者花椒精油）对幼虫有显著的抑制作用。【Objective】To seek one treatment method for preventing growth of Plodia interpunctella（ Hiibner） larvae. 【Method】Different hypothermia physical,chemical and plant essential oil treatment methods were applied on Plodia interpunctella（ Hiibner） larvae respectively. Hypothermia physical treatments included four different temperatures that were- 10℃,- 5℃,0℃ and 5℃,chemical treatments included ethyl formate and ethanol,plant essential oil treatments included garlic oil,lavender oil,pepper oil and ginger oil.The statistic eclosion rate of different treatments except hypothermia physical treatments was calculated by mortality rate. The ANOVA of data were analyzed using the Duncan test by SPSS software.【Result】The research showed that larvae mortality rate was more than 80% between- 10℃ and 0℃,larvae mortality rate was 50%in 5℃ condition at whole detected time. It was significantly different between 0℃ treatment or below and other treatments,but it was not so obvious among them. Larvae eclosion rate was always below 30% by ethanol and around 15% by ethyl formate separately,it was significant different between control group and two experiment groups in which ethanol and ethyl formate treatments separately did not significantly different between them.The larvae eclosion rate was 20%,50%,60% being treated by garlic oil,pepper oil,ginger oil and lavender oil respectively,at the same time the control group larvae eclosion rate was more than 80%. It was significantly different between control group and other groups but no so significantly different among them being treated by pepper oil,garlic oil and ginger oil separately. 【Conclusion】Plodia interpunctella（ Hiibner） larvae could tolerate hypothermia conditions more or less,but at 0℃ temperature or below. The life of the larvae is significantly affected. Chemical treatments by ethanol or ethyl formate or by plant essential oil（ garlic oil or pepper oil） have a significant inhibitory effect on the larvae.

关 键 词：印度谷螟幼虫 羽化 植物精油 

分 类 号：S47[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]