基于反应时间的隧道照明缩尺模型集成系统的研制与应用  

Development and Application of an Integrated Scale Model System of Tunnel Lighting Based on Reaction Time

作　　者：潘国兵[1,2] 梁波[1,2] 皮宇航 肖尧[2] 崔璐璐[1,2] 何世永[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆交通大学山区桥梁与隧道工程国家重点实验室培育基地,重庆400074 [2]重庆交通大学土木建筑学院,重庆400074 [3]重庆市交通规划勘察设计院,重庆401121

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2016年第3期26-32,共7页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：交通运输部应用基础研究项目(2014 319 814 260);重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJ1500505);山区桥梁与隧道工程国家重点实验室培育基地开放基金项目(CQSLBF-Y14-8)

摘　　要：反应时间是隧道照明安全评价的一项重要指标。通过研究不同隧道照明参数下司机的反应时间,可以进一步深入优化现有隧道照明设计方法。文章以反应时间为研究着手点,利用眼动测试技术,创新性地研制出可模拟真实隧道行车视觉环境和照明环境的隧道照明室内缩尺模型集成系统,并借助该系统对不同亮度、均匀度和灯具仰角工况下试验人员的反应时间进行实验。实验结果表明:隧道路面亮度对反应时间的影响规律符合韦伯-费西勒定律,对比度0.6时试验人员反应时间较短;相比识别时间而言,察觉时间对路面亮度均匀度更敏感,路面均匀度过高对反应时间反而不利;灯具仰角过大易造成眩光,从而延长人员反应时间。隧道照明室内缩尺模型集成系统的创新性研制为研究隧道照明各参数对司机反应时间的影响提供了有效的实验条件,对我国隧道照明工程的实施具有重要的应用价值。Reaction time is an important index for the evaluation of safety regarding tunnel lighting. The existingtunnel lighting design method can be optimized by measuring reaction time for different lighting conditions. Focus-ing on reaction time research, a scale model was developed for an innovative integrated system of tunnel lightingthat can simulate real driving visuals and the luminous environment inside a tunnel based on eye tracking technolo-gy. The system was used to test reaction times for different luminosities, uniformities and lamp elevation angles, andthe results show that： 1） the influences of tunnel road luminance on reaction time are consist with the Weber-Fech-ner law, and the testers have shorter reaction times when the contrast is 0.6;2） compared with the recognition time,the detection time is more sensitive to road luminance uniformity, so the higher the road luminance uniformity themore unfavorable the reaction time; 3） a high lamp elevation angle induces glare and prolongs the reaction time. Theinnovative development of this integrated tunnel lighting scale model system provides effective experimental condi-tions for the research of the influences of tunnel lighting parameters on a driver′s reaction time, and is therefore valu-able and applicable to domestic tunnel lighting projects.

关 键 词：隧道照明 驾驶视觉任务 缩尺模型 反应时间 视觉功效 

分 类 号：U453.7[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]