天津市小学生早餐行为及质量现状  

SURVEY ON BREAKFAST QUALITY AND DIETARY BEHAVIOR AMONG STUDENTS IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS IN TIANJIN

作　　者：王永辉[1] 王紫玉[1] 刘伟[1] 朱胜坚[1] 蒋与刚[1] 庞伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所,天津300050

出　　处：《营养学报》2016年第3期234-239,共6页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金："达能营养中心膳食营养研究与宣教基金"2014年资助项目(No.DIC2014-07)

摘　　要：目的了解天津市小学生早餐行为及质量现状，为开展有针对性的营养宣教提供科学依据。方法采用分层抽样的方法，从天津市抽取2060名小学生为调查对象，通过问卷调查收集他们的早餐行为及质量资料并进行评价。结果57．38％的小学生每天吃早餐，不同年级小学生早餐食用比例具有显著性差异（X^2=50．553，P〈0．01）；早餐食用时间少于10min的小学生占61．92％，不同的年级间小学生用餐时间有显著性差异（X^2=1．616，P〉0．05）；早餐在家就餐者占88．20％；早餐准备者为妈妈的小学生占68．82％；早餐质量较差的小学生占44．82％，男生比例（48．58％）明显高于女生（40．79％，X^2=14．388，P〈0．01）。结论天津市小学生不吃早餐的问题突出，且早餐营养质量较差，应尽早进行营养宣教，改善其早餐食物结构，促进健康。Objective To investigate the breakfast behaviors and nutritional quality among primary students in Tianjin, and provide scientific evidence for targeted nutrition education. Methods The method of stratified and cluster sampling was adopted. Questionnaires were answered by 2060 primary students in Tianjin to collect the data on their breakfast status. Results 57.38% elementary students had breakfast everyday. The percentage of having breakfast everyday was significantly different by grade （X^2=50.553, P〈0.01）. 61.92% primary students had breakfast in ten minutes and the time of having breakfast was significantly different amorg different grades （X^2=1.616, P〉0.05）. Majority of primary students had their breakfast at home （88.2%）, and the breakfasts were prepared by their mothers （68.82%）, 44.82% of primary students had poor quality breakfast, more in boys than in girls （48.58% vs. 40.79%,X^2=14.388, P〈0.01）, Conclusion The nutritional quality of breakfast in Tianjin primary students is far from satisfaction. It is necessary to carry out targeted nutrition education to improve the nutritional quality of breakfast for better health of students.

关 键 词：早餐 饮食行为 小学生 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]