基于GIS和RS的喀斯特水源地景观格局动态变化研究——以大春河小流域为例  

Dynamics of Landscape Pattern of Karst Reservoir-water Supply Area Based on GIS and RS: A Case Study in Dachunhe Basin

作　　者：杨民英 李玉辉[1] 庞丹波 俞筱押[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,昆明650500 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《四川农业大学学报》2016年第2期227-233,共7页Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金[41262013]"森林植被影响岩溶水源地产水功能的观测研究"

摘　　要：【目的】研究大春河流域土地利用类型的构成及其变化,为该区域优化水源地保护提供指导。【方法】采用GIS和RS技术处理2007年和2015年大春河流域的Landsat TM遥感影像,运用Fragstats 4.2计算景观格局指数并对研究区的景观要素构成、格局和转化特征进行定量分析。【结果】1大春河水源地流域面积17.44 km2,2007年和2015年主要土地利用类型为林地(27.85%;36.68%)、耕地(29.05%;26.59%)和灌草地(28.39%;24.71%);22007年和2015年,大春河流域土地利用类型转化总面积为6.18 km2,变化最大土地利用类型为林地;3与2007年相比,2015年林地斑块的密度、边界和形状指数均减小,聚集度指数增大;42015年人工表面(道路、建筑用地)面积与2007年相比明显增加。【结论】大春河水源地景观格局变化显著,主要表现为林地和人工表面的变化。[Objective] The aim of the study was to investigate the formation and changes of land use types in Dachunhe basin, which may be important to guide the optimization and protection of regional reservoir-water supply area. [Method] The landsat TM remote sensing image of Dachunhe basin in 2007 and 2015 were analyzed using GIS and RS technology. Additionally, landscape pattern index and quantitative analysis composition, pattern and transformation characteristics of landscape elements in the study area were calculated by Fragstats 4.2. [Results] ①Basin area in Dachunhe reservoir-water supply area was 17.44 km2. Main land use types were forest land （27.85%,36.68%）,cultivated land （29.05%, 26.59%） and grassland （28.39%, 24.71%） in 2007 and 2015：②From 2007 to 2015, the total conversion area of land use type was 6.18 km2 in Dachunhe basin and the largest change of land use type was forest land： ③Compared with 2007, the forest land patch density, boundary and shape index reduced but aggregation index increased in 2015 in the study area; ④The artificial surface （load and construction land） area was increased significantly in 2015 compared to 2007. [Conclusion] The landscape pattern of Dachunhe reservoir-water supply area changed significantly, mainly exhibiting inforest land and artificial surface.

关 键 词：土地利用类型 景观格局 喀斯特 水源地 大春河小流域 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学]