加拿大非法证据排除规则的法理依据  

On Legal Basis of the Exclusionary Rule of Illegally Obtained Evidence in Canada

作　　者：李峣[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京政法职业学院

出　　处：《北京政法职业学院学报》2016年第2期58-64,共7页Journal of Beijing College of Politics and Law

基　　金：北京政法职业学院2014年专项课题《法官证据裁量权的规则及其对伪证的处理》的阶段性成果

摘　　要：对不当或非法获取证据的排除是对侵犯公民宪法权利的一种救济。这说明在加拿大宪法权利从整体上而言被视为第一位的权利,应该得到最有效的保护。作为《加拿大法案》附表B的《权利和自由宪章》于1982年4月17日生效,其中包含有"救济",即该宪章第24条第2项的内容。如果一经发现证据在获取过程中对被告所享有的宪章保障的权利和自由有所侵害,并且此种侵害会败坏国家的司法荣誉,依据本条规定,该证据即会被排除。在多年的适用过程中,加拿大最高法院主导了对第24条第2项的解释,解释以一系到案例为基础,而其法理依据却是自由主义理论、遏制理论与体系完整性理论。The exclusion of evidence inappropriately or illegally obtained is a relief to citizens whose constitutional rights have been infringed. It shows that the constitutional rights are the first in Canada, which should be protected most effectively. As Schedule B to Canada Act, the Charter of Rights and Freedoms entered into force on April 17, 1982, which contains ＂relief＂, in article 24 （2）. According to this, the evidence will be excluded if the defendant＇s rights or freedoms protected by the constitution have been infringed, and such infringement will bring shame to the country＇s judicial or legal justice. However, for years of application, the Supreme Court of Canada has dominated the interpretation for article 24（2） based on a series of cases, while the legal basis is the liberal theory, the theory of containment and the theory of system integrity.

关 键 词：非法证据 排除 自由主义 遏制理论 体系完整性 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]