降解长链烷烃菌株的选育及性能研究  

Study on the Selection and Degradation Characteristics of Long- chain Alkanes Degrading Bacteria

作　　者：吕立君[1] 王光华[1] 李文兵[1] 卢露露 刘念汝 陈彪[1] 刘贝[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉科技大学化学工程与技术学院,武汉430081

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2016年第6期78-81,98,共5页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

摘　　要：以正十六烷无机盐培养基为选择培养基,从武汉石化输油管附近土壤中筛选出1株高效降解长链烷烃的菌株,命名C3,对其进行生理生化、16S r DNA鉴定,C3为不动杆菌属。在正十六烷浓度为1 000 mg/L的无机盐培养基中接入4%的种子液,放入35℃、125 r/min摇床中震荡60 h,C3对正十六烷的降解率可达100%,其降解动力学拟合结果符合Monod模型。将C3应用到柴蜡的降解,96 h后,1 000 mg/L的柴蜡混合溶液的降解率能达到91%。C3产生的生物表面活性剂经鉴定为磷脂类活性剂,排油圈直径为80 mm,CMC约为35 mg/L,能将水的表面张力降低到20.79 m N/m。该菌株对长链烷烃的降解提供了良好的菌源。With the mineral salt medium with the n - hexadecane as the selecting medium, a strain that can effectively de- grade the long - chain alkane is screened out from the soil near the pipeline of Wuhan Petrochemical Works, named as C3, conducted for physiological and biochemical identification and 16S rDNA comparison and the strain C3 is identified as Acine- tobacter sp. The n - hexadecane degradation is 10（3 % after 4% seed liquid of the strain is inoculated on the mineral salt medi um with 1 000 mg/L of n - hexadecane and cultured at 35 ℃ ,125 r/rain for 60 h, in accordance with Monod equation. The degradation of diesel and paraffin mixture can reach 91% after 96 h. The hiosurfactants produced by strain C3, is identified as phospholipids, whose oil spreading size is 80 mm, the CMC of purified product is 35 mg/L, and the lowest surface tension is 20.79 mN/m. The study has provided the good resources of the microbial strain for degrading long - chain alkane.

关 键 词：长链烷烃 生理生化鉴定 16SrDNA 降解动力学 生物表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]