人力资本法在空气污染生命健康损失评估中的应用  

Application of Human Capital Law in Assessment of the Loss Value of Life and Health in Air Pollution

作　　者：刘帅[1] 贾志勇[2] 宋国君[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学环境政策与环境规划研究所,北京100872 [2]淄博市环境保护局张店分局,山东淄博255000

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2016年第3期48-52,共5页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目"北京市空气污染健康损失评估方法;参数及应用研究(15JGA012)"基金资助

摘　　要：采用人力资本法估计生命价值,就人力资本法用于生命价值估计的关键问题开展研究,包括用何种指标代表人力资本、工作年限损失计算、人力资本增长预测、贴现率选择等问题。以人均收入代表人力资本,基于城市不同年龄阶段居民人口数据和基期死亡率数据计算工作年限损失。以北京市为例,计算出因空气污染所致北京市居民平均工作年限损失为11.3 a,2014年北京市城镇居民人均可支配收入为43 910元,带入人力资本模型,人均收入增长率取10%,贴现率取3%,得到对生命价值的估计结果为68.6万元;贴现率取7%,得到对生命价值的估计结果为55.7万元。In this paper, human capital law was used to estimate the life value and relevant research of the key issues was developedincluding which indicators to be used for representing the human capital, how to calculate the loss of working life, prediction of the humancapital growth, and selection of the discount rate. Income per capita was chosen to represent the human capital. The loss of working lifecaused by air pollution was calculated on the basis of population and mortality data from different age groups. Case study in Beijing showedthat the residents’ average loss of working years was 11.3 years. In 2014, the urban residents’ income per capita was 43 910 CNY. By useof the human capital model, if the growth rate of average income per capita was 10% and the discount rate was 3%, the estimation result oflife value was 686,000 CNY. If the discount rate was 7%, the estimation result was 557,000 CNY.

关 键 词：人力资本法 生命价值 空气污染 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]