5-氨基乙酰丙酸对苹果叶片耐弱光能力的影响  

Effect of 5-Aminolevulinic Acid on Low Light Tolerance of Apple Leaves

作　　者：安玉艳[1] 张丽颖[1] 冯新新[1] 田凡 李洁 汪良驹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]江苏省丰县临风果蔬专业合作社,江苏徐州221723

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第5期987-995,共9页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31401820);中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金(KJQN201538);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20140702);江苏省苏北科技发展计划项目(BN2012035)

摘　　要：为了探讨5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)对苹果耐弱光性的影响,以‘润太2号’和‘郑优3号’两个品种苹果为材料,设置露天对照(CK)、轻度遮荫(LS)和重度遮荫(SS)3种光照条件,通过根际浇灌法研究了10mg·L^(-1) ALA处理对弱光条件下苹果叶片活性氧代谢与叶绿素荧光特性的影响。结果显示:(1)与CK相比,弱光胁迫显著降低了两品种苹果叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)与过氧化物酶(POD)的活性,增大了超氧阴离子(O_2^(-·))产生速率以及过氧化氢(H2O2)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,且‘郑优3号’的活性氧产生速率及MDA含量在弱光下的升高幅度更大;ALA处理显著提高了弱光胁迫下两品种的保护酶活性,降低了活性氧产生速率和MDA含量,并以耐弱光性较差的‘郑优3号’的变化更显著。(2)在弱光胁迫下,苹果叶片的叶绿素含量和叶绿素b/a升高,而ALA处理使二者进一步显著升高。(3)弱光胁迫下,苹果叶片的叶绿素荧光参数V_J、M_o、DI_o/RC显著升高,而ψ_o、ψE_o、ψR_o、PI_(ABS)、PI_(CS)和PI_(total)显著降低;ALA处理抑制了叶绿素荧光参数在弱光胁迫下的变化,甚至使其达到优于对照的水平。研究表明,弱光条件下苹果的抗氧化能力较差,受到明显的氧化伤害,且‘郑优3号’的耐弱光能力比‘润太2号’差;ALA处理提高了苹果在弱光下的抗氧化能力,降低了弱光对苹果叶片的氧化伤害,同时还提高了弱光条件下苹果叶片捕捉、传递和转化光能的效率,改善了光合电子传递情况,增大了苹果叶片在弱光胁迫下的光能利用效率,改善了光合性能;根灌ALA可以明显提高苹果的耐弱光性。In order to provide theoretical basis for improvement of apple production under rain-shelter cultivation,we evaluated the effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid（ALA）on low light tolerance of apple trees in this study.Specifically,the effects of 10 mg·L^-1 ALA on reactive oxygen metabolism and fast chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of apple trees under low light conditions were investigated by root ALA application.Two apple cultivars,‘Runtai 2＇and ‘Zhengyou 3＇,were used,and three light conditions including normal natural condition（Control）,light shading stress（LS）,and severe shading stress（SS）,weredesigned in our experiment.The main results were as follows：（1）Compared to the control,shading stress significantly decreased superoxide dismutase（SOD）and peroxidase（POD）activities,and increased the production rates of super anion（O_2^-·）and hydrogen dioxide（H_2O_2）and malondialdehyde（MDA）content in both apple cultivars.More increases in MDA content and the production rates of O_2^-· and H_2O_2 were found in ‘Zhengyou 3＇.ALA significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities,and reduced the production rates of O_2^-· and H_2O_2 and MDA content.The antioxidant capacity of‘Zhengyou 3＇was improved more significantly by ALA than that in‘Runtai 2＇.（2）Chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll b/a ratio in apple trees increased under shading stress.ALA further promoted chlorophyll contents and chlorophyll b/a ratio in apple trees under shading stress.（3）Chlorophyll fluorescence parameter VJ,Mo,and DIo/RC significantly increased,andψo,ψEo,ψRo,PIABS,PICS,and PItotaldramatically decreased under shading stress.ALA inhibited changes of these chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under shading stress,even made them recover to the control levels.These results suggested that oxidative damage occurred in apple trees under low light conditions due to their low antioxidant capacities,and antioxidant capacity in‘Zhengyou 3＇was lower than that in‘Runtai 2＇.ALA e

关 键 词：5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA) 遮荫胁迫 活性氧代谢 叶绿素荧光特性 苹果 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学] S661.1[农业科学—果树学]