耐裂果与易裂果番茄果实发育过程中果实组织衰老与裂果的关系  

The relationship between fruit tissue senescence and fruit cracking in cracking-resistant and susceptible tomato during fruit ripening

作　　者：张川[1] 王亚晨[1] 崔守尧 杨泽恩[1] 吴震[1] 蒋芳玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院/农业部华东地区园艺作物生物学与种质创新重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2016年第4期534-542,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20140712);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(KYZ201609)

摘　　要：[目的]通过研究耐裂果与易裂果番茄果实成熟过程中不同部位组织的衰老状况,揭示番茄果实组织衰老与裂果的关系,为裂果的防控提供理论依据。[方法]采用耐裂果番茄材料LA1698与易裂果番茄材料LA2683,测定其果实不同时期(绿熟期、转色期和红熟期)和不同部位(上部、中部和下部)的活性氧含量、膜脂过氧化程度、抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化物质As A及可溶性蛋白含量。[结果]与果实中部和下部相比,番茄上部具有更高的活性氧含量和膜脂过氧化程度;在果实成熟后期,相同部位相比,易裂果番茄的活性氧含量和膜脂过氧化程度高于耐裂果番茄。易裂果番茄红熟期果实相同部位抗氧化酶SOD、GR和APX活性及抗氧化物质As A含量显著低于耐裂果番茄。[结论]随着果实的成熟,无论易裂果番茄还是耐裂果番茄均逐渐衰老,果实不同部位的组织衰老程度不同,果实上部衰老最快,同时也是裂果最易发生的部位。易裂果番茄上部活性氧代谢失调,膜质过氧化程度高,进而引起果实的衰老加速,这可能是导致裂果从上部开始发生的原因之一。[Objectives] To reveal the relationship between tomato fruit tissue senescence and fruit cracking,and provide a theoretical basis for cracking prevention and control,we investigated the fruit tissue senescence in different parts in cracking-resistant and susceptible tomato fruits during fruit ripening.[Methods] The active oxygen content,the degree of membrane lipid peroxidation,the activity of the antioxidant enzymes （SOD,GR and APX）,antioxidant substance （AsA） content and the soluble protein content in different parts （top,middle and bottom） of cracking-resistant tomato material LA1698 and susceptible tomato material LA2683 at different growth stage （mature green stage,turning stage and red ripe stage） were studied.[Results] The top of the fruit had higher active oxygen content and degree of membrane lipid peroxidation than in the middle and the bottom of the fruit. At the late stage of fruit development,cracking susceptible tomato had higher active oxygen content and degree of membrane lipid peroxidation than those of cracking-resistant tomato in the same part. The activity of the antioxidant enzymes and the content of AsA of susceptible tomato in the same part were all lower than those of cracking-resistant tomato.[Conclusions] Both cracking-resistant tomato and the susceptible tomato were aging gradually as ripening proceeded. The degree of fruit tissue senescence in different parts of fruit was different,the aging speed of the top of the fruit was the fastest among the three parts during fruit ripening,and at the same time it was also the position where the cracking most likely occurred. The disorder of active oxygen species metabolism led to higher membrane peroxidation degree in cracking susceptible tomato in the top of the fruit,and further accelerated senescence of fruit,which could be one of the reasons that led to the occurrence of cracking at the top of the fruit.

关 键 词：番茄 裂果 活性氧代谢 组织衰老 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]