幼儿教师社会支持、工作投入和心理健康关系  

Relationship among social support,work engagement and mental health in preschool teachers

作　　者：李永占[1] 

机构地区：[1]平顶山学院教师教育学院,河南平顶山467000

出　　处：《中国职业医学》2016年第3期332-336,共5页China Occupational Medicine

基　　金：河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(14B190002)

摘　　要：目的探讨幼儿教师社会支持、工作投入与心理健康三者间的关系。方法采用整群随机抽样法,选取348名河南省城乡幼儿教师为调查对象,采用《社会支持评定量表》、《Utrecht工作投入量表》和《症状自评量表》(SCL-90)进行调查,分析社会支持、工作投入和心理健康的关系。结果幼儿教师社会支持总分及其客观支持、主观支持、支持利用度的维度得分分别为(40.90±10.48)、(8.93±2.87)、(23.79±5.85)、(8.17±1.94)分,工作投入总分及其活力、奉献和专注的维度得分分别为(71.69±20.18)、(24.91±9.06)、(21.44±6.93)、(25.34±7.58)分,SCL-90总分为(1.85±0.63)分。社会支持各维度得分分别与工作投入各维度得分呈正相关(P<0.01),SCL-90总分分别与社会支持、工作投入的各维度得分均呈负相关(P<0.01)。社会支持的客观支持、主观支持和支持利用度3个维度均对心理健康有直接效应(标准化路径系数分别为-0.21、-0.27和-0.23,P<0.01),上述3个维度通过工作投入对心理健康的间接效应分别为-0.13、-0.16和-0.12,分别占相应总效应(-0.34、-0.43和-0.35)的38.00%、37.00%和34.00%。结论社会支持和工作投入均是影响幼儿教师心理健康的重要因素;工作投入在社会支持与心理健康之间起着部分中介作用。Objective To explore the relationship among social support,work engagement and mental health in preschool teachers. Methods By cluster random sampling method,348 preschool teachers from cities and countryside in Henan Province were selected as study subjects. A questionnaire survey was conducted using the Social Support Rating Scale,the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Symptom Checklist-90（ SCL-90） to analyze the relationship among social support,work engagement and mental health. Results The social support total score,the dimension scores of objective support,subjective support and support utilization were（ 40. 90 ± 10. 48）,（ 8. 93 ± 2. 87）,（ 23. 79 ± 5. 85） and（ 8. 17 ± 1. 94）,respectively. The work engagement total score,the vitality,devotion and concentration dimension scores were（ 71. 69 ±20. 18）,（ 24. 91 ± 9. 06）,（ 21. 44 ± 6. 93） and（ 25. 34 ± 7. 58）,respectively. The SCL-90 total score was（ 1. 85 ±0. 63）. Each dimension score of social support was positively correlated with each dimension score of work engagement（ P〈0. 01）. The SCL-90 total score was negatively correlated with each dimension score of social support and work engagement（ P〈0. 01）. The 3 dimensions of social support including objective support,subjective support and support utilization had significant direct effect（ the standard path coefficients were- 0. 21,- 0. 27 and- 0. 23,respectively,P〈0. 01） on mental health. They also had indirect effect（- 0. 13,- 0. 16 and- 0. 12,respectively） on the mental health through work engagement among preschool teachers which accounted for 38. 00%,37. 00% and 34. 00% of their total effects（- 0. 34,- 0. 43 and- 0. 35,respectively）. Conclusion The social support and work engagement are important factors influencing the mental health of preschool teachers. The work engagement acts as a partial mediator between social support and mental health.

关 键 词：社会支持 工作投入 心理健康 幼儿教师 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R395.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]