汉语确定性无界否定句模拟加工的时间进程  

The two-steps mental simulation process of Chinese definite unbounded negative sentences

作　　者：崔如霞[1,2] 高志华[1,3] 唐艺琳[1] 何皓璠 鲁忠义[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学教育学院,石家庄050024 [2]河北省南皮县第一中学,南皮061500 [3]华北理工大学心理学院,唐山063000

出　　处：《心理学报》2016年第6期607-616,共10页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(12BYY048)

摘　　要：以往关于否定句理解的心理模拟过程是一步完成的还是两步完成的,结果并不一致,这与各个研究使用的实验材料类型有关。本研究以汉语确定性无界否定句为研究对象,采用句-图匹配范式和2(句子类型:汉语确定性无界肯定句和汉语确定性无界否定句)×2(图片描绘事物状态与句子描述的事物状态的匹配类型:匹配与不匹配)被试内实验设计,以对图片判断的反应时和正确率为指标,探讨其理解的早期(250 ms)、中期(750 ms)和晚期(1500 ms)的心理模拟过程。研究结果表明:确定性无界否定句理解的心理模拟是分两步进行的,首先模拟的是否定句的被否定状态,随着加工时间的推进,完成了对确定性无界否定句的第二步模拟即对实际状态的模拟。但是,比其他类型否定句的模拟过程所用的时间要短,即在阅读理解的中期就完成了心理模拟。In the previous studies, the researchers argued whether simulation was completed in one step or two steps on processes of negative sentences comprehension, due to different materials in respective studies. In the present study, we classified the negation into two categories： the bounded negation（eg. not live- not die） and the unbounded negation（eg. not a tiger）. And the classified unbounded negation were further classified into the definite（eg. not wide- not narrow） and indefinite negations respectively. Some researchers have demonstrated that the mental simulation of bounded negative sentences could be completed in one step, so we assume that definite unbounded negative sentences will be different, and conform to Two-Steps Simulation Hypothesis. In this study, Chinese definite unbounded negative sentences（eg. ＂The door was not wide＂） were taken as research materials, sentence-picture match paradigm as experimental paradigm, 2（sentence type： the Chinese definite unbounded affirmative sentence vs. the Chinese definite unbounded negative sentence） × 2（match type between the state depicted by pictures and the state described by sentence： match vs. mismatch） within-subject design as experimental design, response time and accuracy in picture judgments as outcome variables, to explore the mental simulation process during the early（250 ms）, middle（750 ms） and late（1500 ms） stages. The result in Experiment 1 showed that responses to mismatch pictures were shorter than to match pictures in negative sentences reading condition at the early comprehension stage（250 ms）, and the tendency in affirmative sentence was reversed. In Experiment 2, the response tendency was different from Experiment 1, that responses to match pictures were more rapid than to mismatch pictures in negative sentences reading condition at middle comprehension stage（750 ms）, and there was no significant difference between different match types in affirmative sentences. In Experiment 3, there was no s

关 键 词：否定 确定性无界否定句 两步模拟假设 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]