语法化视角下“着”和“在”的差异性分析  

The Analysis of Differences Between Zhe and Zai from the Perspective of Grammaticalization

作　　者：鞠志勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省青岛农业大学外国语学院,266109

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2016年第4期75-83,共9页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：2016年度青岛市社会科学规划研究项目(批准号:QDSKL1601192);青岛农业大学人文社会科学研究基金项目"英汉体系统中词汇-语法的互补性研究"(项目编号:613Y48);重点项目"英汉农科学术语篇话语策略的比较研究"(项目编号:613Z06)的阶段性成果;青岛农业大学高层次人才科研基金的资助

摘　　要："着"和"在"均是从表示方位关系的动词语法化为持续视点体标记的,但两者的语法化过程存在程度和路径两方面的差别。语法化程度的差别表现在:语义层面,"在"比"着"保留更多的动词属性和对情状界限的要求,从而影响它们的情状结合能力;词汇语法层面,"着"比"在"对动词的黏着程度更高,从而影响它们的句法辖域,以及与句法格式的兼容性。另外"着"和"在"不同的语法化路径使得两者对信息结构的要求不同,"着"背景化所附着的动词,"在"则将其后的谓语形式前景化。The progressive aspect markers Zhe （着）and Zai （在） both grammaticalized from verbs expressing locative relations. They differ in the degree of grammaticalization to which they have achieved synchronically. The differences are demonstrated both semantically and lexicogrammatically. At the semantic level, Zai preserves more verbal attribute and have more requirements for the boundary of situation, which influences the situation in which that Zhe and Zai can be combined with. At the lexicogrammatical level, Zhe is more bound to the verb than Zai, which influences their syntactic domain in the clause and the syntactic structure they are compatible with. Besides, Zhe and Zai differ in the course of grammaticalization, which accounts for their difference in the requirement for information structure. Zai foregrounds the predicate of the whole clause, while Zhe backgrounds the verb to which it is adhered.

关 键 词：持续视点 去语义化 去范畴化 信息结构 

分 类 号：H14[语言文字—汉语]