莫高窟窟区微气候环境研究  

Research on the Micro-Climate Environment of Mogao Grottoes

作　　者：尚瑞华[1] 闫增峰[1] 王旭东[2,3] 张正模[2] 王江丽[1,4] 樊夏玮 高文强[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学,陕西西安710055 [2]敦煌研究院保护研究所,甘肃敦煌736200 [3]兰州大学土木工程与力学学院,甘肃兰州730000 [4]河南科技大学,河南洛阳471003

出　　处：《敦煌研究》2016年第3期117-123,共7页Dunhuang Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"多场耦合条件下的莫高窟洞窟热湿环境调控理论与技术研究"(51378412);国家文物局课题"基于物联网的洞窟微环境智能分隔控制系统应用研究与示范"(20110308)

摘　　要：通过实测对比莫高窟六种不同下垫面对窟区微气候环境的影响,分析研究表明:窟前绿化采用滴灌形式的乔木林带效果最佳;微气流带走了水汽,使0.2m以下区域的绝对湿度值偏低;沙地与戈壁的空气绝对湿度与温度关系不大;草坪与地被植物更换成沙地灌木,既节约水源又不影响其降温效果。研究验证了莫高窟绿化对窟区微气候环境的缓冲作用,并提出了窟区景观绿化的合理建议。This research is a comparative analysis on the influence of six different underlying surfaces on the micro-climate environment of Mogao Grottoes by in-situ test. The results are as follows： for the trees in front of the caves, the best environmental effect can be achieved by drip irrigation; micro airflow takes away water vapor, which lowers the absolute humidity of areas under 0.2 meters; the absolute humidity of sand and Gobi has little relationship with air temperature; and finally, water consuming grass plots should be replaced with local sand shrubs that can save water and will not influence cooling effects. This research has preliminarily verified the buffer effect of reforestation on the micro-climate environment of the Mogao Grottoes, and subsequently puts forward suggestions for further landscaping efforts.

关 键 词：莫高窟 下垫面 微气候 现场测试 

分 类 号：P49[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] K879.21[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]