甘肃省土地利用变化的基本特征及其格局  

Spatiotemporal characteristics and patterns of land use changes in Gansu Province

作　　者：金淑婷[1] 李博[1] 杨永春[1] 石培基[2] 达福文[1] 王梅梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期334-341,共8页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41171143;41271133);新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-07-0398);中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(lzujbky-2014-281)

摘　　要：在"3S"技术支持下,以人机交互图像处理方式获取甘肃省1990、2000、2005、2010年的土地利用数据,从土地转移方向、土地变化速度、信息熵以及土地利用程度方面,分析1990-201 0年人类不同活动强度下,甘肃省土地利用空间格局及其动态特征.结果表明:耕地与草地、未利用地之间的转换关系是甘肃省土地利用转换关系的关键,决定着甘肃省土地利用变化的特征;1990-2010年草地、林地以及水域以2000年为分界点呈现出先减后增的趋势,耕地则表现出相反趋势,建设用地呈持续增长趋势,未利用地表现为持续减少趋势;甘肃省土地利用变化对耕地扰动最大,其次为林地及水域,草地以及未利用地相对较小;甘肃省土地利用变化存在明显的阶段性,2000-2005年土地利用变化速度明显高于其他阶段;1990-2010年甘肃省土地综合开发水平总体处于下降趋势,主要表现为耕地与草地以及林地相互转换,影响区域主要分布在甘肃中东部地区.Land use data in 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010 were obtained by the human-computer interaction way for image processing and the land use spatial pattern and its dynamic characteristics in Gansu Province under different human activity intensities during 1990-2010 were analyzed from the aspect of land transfer direction, land change speed, the information entropy and land use degree with the support of the ＂3S＂ technology. The results showed that the transformation relation between cultivated land and grassland and unused land was the key to land use conversion relations in Gansu Province and determined the characteristics of land use changes of the province. Taking 2000 as a demarcation point, grassland, forestland and water area during 1990-2010 first decreased and then increased, cultivated land presented a contrary trend, construction land presented a sustained growth trend and unused land presented a sustained declining trend. The disturbance of land use changes in Gansu Province on cultivated land was the largest, followed by forestland and water area, that on grassland and unused land were relatively small. Land use changes in Gansu Province exhibited obvious stages and the speed of land use change during 2000-2005 was significantly higher than other phases. Land comprehensive development level of the province during 1990-2010 was generally in a downward trend, mainly for cultivated land and grassland and forestland transformation, and the impacted areas were mainly distributed in the central and eastern regions of the province.

关 键 词：土地利用/土地覆被变化 空间格局 甘肃省 

分 类 号：F301[经济管理—产业经济] P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程]