神经超兴奋性与阿尔茨海默病  

Neural network hyperactivity in Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：张茂营[1] 贾伟强[2] 马全红[3] 徐如祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学附属第一医院神经外科,广州510630 [2]北京军区总医院神经外科研究,北京100700 [3]苏州大学神经科学研究所,苏州215021

出　　处：《中华神经创伤外科电子杂志》2015年第4期40-44,共5页Chinese Journal Of Neurotraumatic Surgery：Electronic Edition

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(81500915;BWS11J002);广东省自然科学基金-博士启动项目(408203555024);暨南大学科研培育与创新基金研究项目(21615336)

摘　　要：阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种常见的神经系统疾病,其病因和发病机制尚无满意阐述,治疗上也因存在许多瓶颈而无肯定有效的措施。近年来,研究发现在AD患者及动物模型脑内表现出更高的癫痫发生率或异常的脑电节律,这种异常神经网络活动与AD认知损害密切相关。近些年来研究发现AD转基因小鼠脑内异常神经网络活动是导致突触功能受损、认知功能损害以及行为异常的上游机制,抗癫痫药物(左乙拉西坦)通过调控钠离子电压门控通道能抑制AD转基因模型鼠脑内这种异常的神经网络活动,恢复异常的突触功能,改善其认知能力。抗癫痫药对AD治疗的有效性引起广泛关注。本文就神经超兴奋性与AD的关系及其治疗进展作一综述。Alzheimer’ s Disease （AD） is a common neurological disease, whose specific pathogenesis is still unclear. There are still no effective treatments to prevent, halt, or reverse Alzheimer’ s disease. AD patients have an increase dincidence of epileptic seizures. Hyperexcitability has also been observed in various AD transgenic mice. Such aberrant network activity is closely related to cognitive deficits and the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies suggest that the aberrant network activity is upstream and contributes causally to synaptic, cognitive, and behavioral dysfunctions in AD transgenic mice. Blocking the network hyperactivity with LEV, an antiepileptic drugs （AEDs）, which inhibits voltage-dependent sodium channels, reversed synaptic dysfunction and cognitive deficits in hAPP mice. These studies have been paid great attention, especially the potential application of AEDs, in AD therapy. This Review highlights the relationship between the aberrant network activity and AD in AD research, and raises major unresolved issues, especially the potential application of AEDs, in AD therapy.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 神经超兴奋性 抗癫痫药 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]