贵州石阡烤烟种植的气候适宜性和灾害性分析  

Analysis of the Suitability to Climate and Meteorological Disaster in the Flue-cured Tobacco Planting in Shiqian of Guizhou Province

作　　者：方标 张逸 曹威伍 安承德 

机构地区：[1]贵州省江口县气象局,贵州江口554400 [2]贵州省石阡县气象局,贵州石阡555100

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2016年第13期236-237,262,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：利用石阡县1981~2010年气象观测资料,通过对烤烟的生态学特征及生长发育特性的了解,对石阡县烤烟种植区光、热、水等气象条件进行了统计分析,找出适宜烤烟生长的气候条件及影响其产量和品质的气象灾害。结果表明,石阡县气象条件（温度、降水、光照）适宜烤烟的种植和发展,其具有大力发展烤烟产业的气候优势。影响烤烟生育期的主要有低温雨雪、高温干旱、暴雨洪涝和阴雨寡照,其中影响烤烟生育期的低温天气主要有冬季低温雨雪、倒春寒和5月低温,分别影响烤烟苗床期、移栽伸根期和旺长期。The climatic condition suitable for tobacco growth and the meteorological disasters affecting tobacco yield and quality were identified through the understanding of the ecological characteristics of flue-cured tobacco and its growth and development characteristics and the statistical analysis of light,heat,water and other weather conditions based on the meteorological data from 1981 to 2010 in tobacco planting area of Shiqian county. The results showed that Shiqian weather condition（ temperature,precipitation,light） was with obvous advantage in the tobacco cultivation and development,it has to develop the tobacco industry of the climate. The factor affecting flue-cured tobacco planting in its growth period was mainly low temperature and snow,high temperature and drought,flood and heavy rain,less sunlight. The rain and snow and cold weather in winter,the cold in late spring and low temperature in May,was main influence factor,during which time the flue-cured tobacco plant was in the growth period of seedbed,transplanting and growth and vigorous growth.

关 键 词：烤烟 气候条件 气象灾害 防御措施 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]