不同发酵方式对污泥厌氧发酵性能的影响及其发酵液利用  

The effect of different fermentation methods on the sludge anaerobic fermentation performance and the utilization of fermentation liquor

作　　者：金宝丹[1] 王淑莹[1] 邢立群[1] 彭永臻[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学北京市污水脱氮除磷处理与过程控制工程技术研究中心北京市水质科学与水环境恢复工程重点实验室,北京100124

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2016年第7期2079-2089,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51178007);北京市教委资助项目

摘　　要：为了研究不同发酵方式对剩余污泥厌氧发酵性能影响及微生物对其发酵液的利用情况,将剩余污泥分别在Ca(OH)_2(p H=10±0.2),Ca(OH)_2+Na Cl(p H=10±0.2),游离亚硝酸盐(FNA)(p H=5.5±0.2),单过硫酸氢钾复合盐(PMS),十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)及自然条件下进行发酵,发酵后期将发酵液用于生物脱氮研究,分别对发酵系统内的剩余污泥溶液化(SCOD)、溶解性蛋白质、溶解性多糖、可挥发性短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)和关键酶(水解酶和辅酶420)、NO_3--N等指标进行分析.结果表明,6个发酵系统中,剩余污泥的水解酸化性能及发酵液利用具有显著的差别,其中Ca(OH)_2+Na Cl发酵系统中SCOD、SCFAs、水解酶、污泥减量效果等最佳,Ca(OH)_2发酵系统次之,自然条件发酵系统最弱.同时发现,FNA发酵系统中蛋白质和多糖含量较高,但是由于水解酶活性较低,F420活性最高,导致较低的SCFAs积累量.发酵液作为碳源进行生物脱氮试验研究表明,以Ca(OH)_2及Ca(OH)_2+Na Cl发酵系统中的发酵液作为碳源具有良好的脱氮效果,与乙酸钠做为碳源效果相似,同时出现NO_2^--N积累现象,但是FNA,PMS,SDBS发酵系统的发酵液由于存在大量的消毒剂等化学物质导致生物利用性较差.In order to study the effect of different fermentation styles on the waste activated sludge （WAS） anaerobic fermentation performance and the utilization of fermentation liquor by microorganism. The WAS were fermented in the Ca（OH）2（pH=10±0.2）,Ca（OH）2＋NaCl（pH=10±0.2）, FNA（pH=5.5±0.2）, PMS, SDBS and naturally fermentation system, and the fermentation liquor was used to de-nitrification of biology. Different indicators were analyzed respectively such as dissolution of organic matters （SCOD）, short chain volatile fatty acids （SCFAs）, soluble protein, soluble polysaccharide, key enzyme （hydrolase and coenzyme420） and NO3--N. The results showed that the hydrolytic acidification performance and fermented liquid utilization of six fermentation systems had significant difference. The maximal values of SCOD, SCFAs, hydrolase activity and sludge reduction appeared at Ca（OH）2＋NaCl fermentation system, and Ca（OH）2 fermentation system was followed, but the naturally fermentation system was minimum. Although the protein and polysaccharide was abundant in the FNA fermentation system as same as Ca（OH）2＋NaCl fermentation system, but lower hydrolase and higher F420 activity led to the lower SCFAs accumulation. The de-nitrification tests showed that the fermented liquid from Ca（OH）2 and Ca（OH）2＋NaCl fermentation systems had a remarkable de-nitrification effect and large of NO2--N accumulation which was similar to sodium acetate, but the fermented liquid from FNA, PMS and SDBS fermentation systems could not be well used by microorganism because of large of poisonous substance.

关 键 词：剩余污泥 厌氧发酵 水解酸化 发酵液 碳源 生物脱氮 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]