某混合动力城市客车车架结构模态分析与优化  

A Hybrid City Bus Frame Modal Analysis and Optimization

作　　者：胡侃[1] 戴作强[1] 张铁柱[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛大学机电工程学院,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《青岛大学学报（工程技术版）》2016年第2期95-100,共6页Journal of Qingdao University(Engineering & Technology Edition)

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAG26B02)

摘　　要：针对车辆在行驶过程中因受各种外部载荷及自身传动部件的激励作用而产生的振动问题,本文利用模态分析理论,对某混合动力城市客车车架的固有频率和固有振型进行求解,将求解结果与外界干扰频率对比分析,同时利用拓扑优化理论,对车架结构进行优化设计,并对优化前后的车架模型模态分析。分析结果表明,车辆在正常行驶过程中不会发生共振现象,并且车架还具有进一步优化的空间;车架经过优化后,各阶固有频率与最大变化量的变化范围均不大,仅第3阶与第5阶固有频率变化量超过2Hz,第3阶与第4阶最大变形量超过2mm,第3阶与第4阶的固有振型发生变化,但都不会发生共振现象。该研究为车架的结构设计及优化提供了相应的理论依据。The vibration problem of the vehicle in the running process due to excitation by various external loads and the transmission part of the resulting, in this paper, based on the theory of modal analysis, the natural frequencies and natural modes of a hybrid electric city bus frame are solved. The result is compared with the external disturbance frequency, and the frame structure is optimized by the topology optimization theory, the modal analysis of the frame model before and after optimization is carried out. The analysis re- sults show that the resonance phenomenon is not occurred during the normal running of the vehicle, and the vehicle frame also has the space for further optimization; After optimization frame, natural frequency range and the maximum amount of change are not large, only the third-order and fifth-order natural fre- quency variation exceeds 2 Hz, the third-order and fourth-order maximum deformation amount exceeds 2 ram, the third-order and fourth-order natural modes have changed, but they will not occur resonance. This study provides a corresponding theoretical basis for the structural design and optimization of the frame.

关 键 词：客车车架 有限元 模态分析 动力特性 共振 

分 类 号：U469.7[机械工程—车辆工程] U463.32[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]