金丝桃花药发育的细胞化学研究  

Cytochemical Study on the Anther Development of Hypericum monogynum L.

作　　者：魏冬梅[1,2] 杨淑娟[3] 杨日升 

机构地区：[1]台州学院生命科学学院,台州318000 [2]浙江康能食品有限公司,天台317200 [3]宁夏大学生命科学学院,银川750021

出　　处：《中国细胞生物学学报》2016年第6期669-675,共7页Chinese Journal of Cell Biology

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金(批准号:Y3110395);浙江省教育厅高等学校访问学者专业发展项目(批准号:FX2014116)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：花药发育过程中多糖和脂滴物质的代谢具有时空变化特征。不同植物的代谢特征有很大差异。该研究采用组织化学的方法对金丝桃花药发育中多糖和脂滴的动态分布进行观察。结果发现,多糖和脂滴的分布具有一定的规律。在造孢细胞时期,维管束周围的药隔薄壁细胞和花药壁的表皮、药室内壁和中层细胞中积累淀粉多糖,而绒毡层细胞中没有淀粉多糖。在小孢子早期,绒毡层细胞中出现淀粉多糖并且数量逐渐增加;此时,单核中位期小孢子中也出现淀粉多糖。到小孢子晚期,绒毡层细胞中积累的淀粉多糖消失,同时出现脂滴;晚期小孢子中也开始出现脂滴。到二胞花粉时期,绒毡层细胞原位解体,花粉中脂滴数量增加。金丝桃相当数量的花粉在小孢子时期发生异常。开花时,大多数花粉内为空腔,没有淀粉多糖和脂滴积累,花粉败育。发育正常的花粉内充满了淀粉多糖和脂滴。The metabolisms of polysaccharides and lipids have temporal and spatial characteristic during the anther development. The metabolic characteristics of polysaccharides and lipids differ with plant species. The dynamic distribution of polysaccharides and lipids was observed in the anther developmental processes of Hyperi- cum monogynum L. by histochemical methods. The results showed the distribution of polysaccharides and lipids displayed some characters. At the stage of sporogenous cell, a lot of starch polysaccharides were accumulated in parenchyma cells around vascular bundle, epidermis, endothecium and middle layer cells but no starch in tapetal cells. At the stage of early microspore, tapetal cells began to accumulate starch polysaccharides and gradually increased, and starch polysaccharides appeared in microspores. At stage of late microspore, starch polysaccharides disappeared, and lipids began to accumulate in tapetal cells and microspores. At the stage of bicellular pollen, tapetal cells degenerated in situ, and the lipid content of bicellular pollen significantly increased. Few of normal pollens were filled with starch polysaccharides and lipids as nutritional substances. Most of pollens happened to be abnormal at the stage of microspore. At anthesis, these pollens were empty without starch polysaccharides and lipids resulting in abortion of pollen grains finally. Fertile pollens were filled with starch polysaccharides and lipids.

关 键 词：金丝桃 花药发育 细胞化学 淀粉多糖 脂滴 

分 类 号：Q945.45[生物学—植物学]