磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)法检测蒙古沙冬青根围土壤微生物群落结构  

Characteristics of Soil Microbial Community Structure in the Rhizospheric Soil of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus by Phospholipid Fatty Acid(PLFA)

作　　者：左易灵 贺学礼[1] 王少杰[1] 赵丽莉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学生命科学学院,保定071002

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第7期2705-2713,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31170488)

摘　　要：为了评价和管理干旱和半干旱地区的植物生长,需要了解荒漠土壤资源空间分布和土壤微生物功能.本试验在乌海、磴口和阿拉善采取蒙古沙冬青(Ammopiptanthus mongolicus)根围土壤样品,采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)法结合Sherlock微生物鉴定系统,研究了蒙古沙冬青根围土壤微生物群落空间分布特征.结果表明,蒙古沙冬青根围土壤微生物PLFA有较高的多样性,3样地土壤共检测到41、31和48种磷脂脂肪酸,土壤优势PLFA为16:0、16:0 10-methy1、18:1ω9c和16:1ω7c,均以16:0(表征细菌)含量最大,16:0 10-methy1、18:1ω9c和16:1ω7c在各样地含量有所差异.蒙古沙冬青根围土壤微生物群落结构有明显空间异质性:土壤微生物以革兰氏阳性细菌(G+)为主,AM真菌、革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌(G-)和真菌均表现为阿拉善>乌海>磴口,而放线菌PLFA总含量表现为乌海>阿拉善>磴口.在土壤真菌生物量中,AM真菌所占比重最大,尤其在磴口和阿拉善AM真菌占到真菌生物量91%和92%,说明AM真菌是荒漠土壤微生物系统中重要组成成分.RDA分析表明,AM真菌、革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌、真菌和放线菌与土壤磷酸酶、总球囊霉素、氨氮和p H正相关.G+/G-与脲酶、有机碳和易提取球囊霉显著负相关,而真/细菌与易提取球囊霉素,脲酶和有机碳显著正相关.研究说明土壤磷酸酶、总球囊霉素、氨氮和p H是影响土壤微生物PLFA变化的重要因子.同时,土壤微生物群落变化规律可用于检测土地荒漠化和土壤退化状况.To measure and manage plant growth in arid and semi-arid sandlands,improved understanding of the spatial patterns of desert soil resources and the role of soil microbes is required. The rhizosphere soils of Ammopiptanthus mongolicus in Wuhai,Dengkou,and Alxa,Inner Mongolia,China were collected in July 2015. Soil microbial community structure in the rhizosphere of A. mongolicus was analyzed by phospholipid fatty acid（ PLFA） combined with Sherlock microbial identification system. The results showed that the soil microbial PLFA had a higher diversity and 41,31 and 48 kinds of phospholipid fatty acids were respectively detected in the rhizosphere of A. mongolicus in three different sites. 16： 0,16： 0 10-methy1,18： 1ω9c and 16： 1ω7c were the dominant PLFA,and the PLFA of 16： 0（ indicating bacteria） had a maximum value. However,the differences in contents of 16： 0 10-methy,18： 1ω9c and 16：1ω7c were found in the three sites. Soil microbial community in the rhizosphere of A. mongolicus had obvious spatial heterogeneity： the gram positive bacteria were the dominant microorganisms in all soil samples. AM fungi,gram positive bacteria,gram negative bacteria and fungi were all characterized by Alxa 〉Wuhai 〉Dengkou,and total PLFA content of actinomycetes followed the order of Wuhai Alxa〉 Dengkou. AM fungi occupied the biggest proportion in the soil fungal biomass,especially in Dengkou and Alxa,which accounted for 91% and 92%,respectively. We concluded that AM fungi were an important component of soil microorganisms in the desert ecosystem. AM fungi,gram positive bacteria,gram negative bacteria,fungi and actinomycetes were positively correlated with soil acid and alkaline phosphatase,total glomalin,ammonia nitrogen and p H. G ＋ / G- were extremely negatively correlated with soil urease,organic carbon and easily extractable glomalin. However,the fungi / bacteria were extremely positively correlated to soil urease,organic carbon and easily extractable glomalin. The results of this study suppo

关 键 词：土壤微生物群落 磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA) 空间分布 蒙古沙冬青 内蒙古荒漠带 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]